1
00:00:12,710 --> 00:00:17,710
<i>The French working class</i>
<i>won't politically unite</i>

2
00:00:17,835 --> 00:00:20,085
<i>nor go to the barricades</i>

3
00:00:20,335 --> 00:00:23,835
<i>just for a 12% rise in wages.</i>

4
00:00:24,710 --> 00:00:28,460
<i>In the foreseeable future,</i>
<i>there will be</i>

5
00:00:28,585 --> 00:00:31,835
<i>no capitalist crisis great enough</i>

6
00:00:31,960 --> 00:00:36,460
<i>for the workers to fight</i>
<i>for their vital interests</i>

7
00:00:36,710 --> 00:00:39,335
<i>by a general revolutionary strike</i>

8
00:00:39,543 --> 00:00:41,335
<i>or an armed revolt.</i>

9
00:00:43,293 --> 00:00:48,585
Moreover, the bourgeoisie will never
give up power without a fight

10
00:00:48,793 --> 00:00:53,043
forced on them
by the revolutionary masses.

11
00:00:53,543 --> 00:00:58,668
So the main problem
for socialist tactics

12
00:00:58,835 --> 00:01:03,335
is how to create the objective
and subjective conditions

13
00:01:03,543 --> 00:01:08,335
which make a mass
revolutionary action possible

14
00:01:08,710 --> 00:01:15,085
and which render the use of force
against the bourgeoisie feasible.

15
00:01:15,210 --> 00:01:18,085
THE

16
00:01:20,210 --> 00:01:22,085
What is a word?

17
00:01:22,335 --> 00:01:25,085
A word is what's unsaid.

18
00:01:25,710 --> 00:01:26,960
And you?

19
00:01:27,835 --> 00:01:28,960
Me?

20
00:01:30,210 --> 00:01:33,335
Both sides against the other.

21
00:01:33,460 --> 00:01:34,585
Me.

22
00:01:35,210 --> 00:01:36,460
No, you,

23
00:01:36,710 --> 00:01:39,210
who tries to tame
the unforgettable

24
00:01:39,335 --> 00:01:41,335
that might surprise us.

25
00:01:42,085 --> 00:01:43,710
Myself now.

26
00:01:44,210 --> 00:01:47,585
The you of excuses and rejections.

27
00:01:48,585 --> 00:01:50,710
And us now?

28
00:01:52,335 --> 00:01:54,960
We are the words of others.

29
00:02:02,210 --> 00:02:05,335
WE SHOULD REPLACE VAGUE
IDEAS WITH CLEAR IMAGES

30
00:02:05,460 --> 00:02:06,710
They know?

31
00:02:08,210 --> 00:02:09,460
No.

32
00:02:10,585 --> 00:02:12,960
Are they gone long?

33
00:02:14,543 --> 00:02:15,793
All summer.

34
00:02:15,960 --> 00:02:17,710
What do the parents do?

35
00:02:19,043 --> 00:02:21,793
They own factories or something.

36
00:02:23,585 --> 00:02:26,543
But Veronique is a close friend?

37
00:02:26,710 --> 00:02:28,210
I don't think so.

38
00:02:30,293 --> 00:02:32,168
Still, it's nice of them.

39
00:02:32,335 --> 00:02:34,835
Liberalism in militant groups

40
00:02:35,043 --> 00:02:38,293
based on collectivism
is very harmful.

41
00:02:42,335 --> 00:02:45,460
Liberalism deprives the revolution

42
00:02:45,710 --> 00:02:49,210
of solid organisation
and strict discipline.

43
00:02:58,918 --> 00:03:01,335
<i>This is Radio Peking.</i>

44
00:03:08,835 --> 00:03:12,793
<i>During last June and July,</i>

45
00:03:12,960 --> 00:03:15,710
<i>when the Red Guard appeared,</i>

46
00:03:15,918 --> 00:03:21,710
<i>Mao was aware</i>
<i>of their vast vitality</i>

47
00:03:21,960 --> 00:03:25,335
<i>and gave them his warm support.</i>

48
00:03:26,085 --> 00:03:27,960
<i>In a very short time,</i>

49
00:03:28,168 --> 00:03:32,210
<i>Red Guards were created in schools,</i>

50
00:03:32,418 --> 00:03:34,293
<i>in many factories</i>

51
00:03:34,460 --> 00:03:36,543
<i>and throughout the country.</i>

52
00:03:37,210 --> 00:03:41,543
<i>They became an army</i>
<i>for the Cultural Revolution.</i>

53
00:03:43,710 --> 00:03:46,585
THE IMPERIALISTS

54
00:03:46,835 --> 00:03:49,460
God, why have you forsaken me?

55
00:03:50,210 --> 00:03:52,460
Because I don't exist.

56
00:03:54,085 --> 00:03:56,085
<i>This is Radio Peking.</i>

57
00:03:59,668 --> 00:04:01,918
The cell needs a name.

58
00:04:02,585 --> 00:04:04,210
Remember Paul Nizan?

59
00:04:05,043 --> 00:04:06,543
The conspirator.

60
00:04:06,710 --> 00:04:09,043
He wrote a novel, Aden Arabia.

61
00:04:10,210 --> 00:04:11,835
Cell Aden Arabia.

62
00:04:12,085 --> 00:04:13,085
Right.

63
00:04:13,293 --> 00:04:17,835
A MINORITY WITH THE RIGHT
IDEAS IS NOT A MINORITY

64
00:04:19,043 --> 00:04:21,710
- He was beaten.
- By whom?

65
00:04:21,960 --> 00:04:24,710
- I'll get some water.
- By whom?

66
00:04:27,585 --> 00:04:28,960
A commando.

67
00:04:30,460 --> 00:04:32,460
Hurt? Was it fascists?

68
00:04:33,335 --> 00:04:36,085
No, Communists.

69
00:04:37,210 --> 00:04:38,960
Now, right away, where?

70
00:04:39,585 --> 00:04:43,585
The meeting
on the Cultural Revolution.

71
00:04:44,085 --> 00:04:47,085
The Sorbonne Marxist-Leninist
group?

72
00:04:50,710 --> 00:04:53,210
I told you they were disgusting.

73
00:04:53,335 --> 00:04:56,210
An enemy attack is a good thing.

74
00:04:56,460 --> 00:05:00,460
It proves we've made
a clear distinction to separate us.

75
00:05:00,710 --> 00:05:02,710
A FILM IN THE MAKING

76
00:05:02,835 --> 00:05:06,835
In her eyes are fear
and innocence...

77
00:05:06,960 --> 00:05:07,960
humility.

78
00:05:08,085 --> 00:05:11,710
Not of a servant,
but a friend and a woman,

79
00:05:12,585 --> 00:05:14,960
with a wide and precise mouth,

80
00:05:15,085 --> 00:05:16,710
not persuasive but loyal.

81
00:05:16,835 --> 00:05:20,960
A kind forehead
willingly bending in silence.

82
00:05:21,210 --> 00:05:22,585
In all that,

83
00:05:23,710 --> 00:05:27,335
agreement can only be guessed.

84
00:05:27,835 --> 00:05:29,460
Not in pain or success...

85
00:05:29,710 --> 00:05:34,085
as if from a scattered past,
something serious appeared.

86
00:05:39,835 --> 00:05:40,835
An actor?

87
00:05:42,460 --> 00:05:44,710
It's hard to say.

88
00:05:47,585 --> 00:05:49,710
Yes, yes, I'm an actor.

89
00:05:55,210 --> 00:05:58,585
I'll show you something.
It's an idea of what theatre is.

90
00:06:00,585 --> 00:06:04,710
Young Chinese students
demonstrated in Moscow

91
00:06:04,960 --> 00:06:08,960
and of course the Russian police
beat them up.

92
00:06:09,210 --> 00:06:11,085
The next day, in protest,

93
00:06:11,335 --> 00:06:14,085
the Chinese met in front of
their embassy

94
00:06:14,335 --> 00:06:17,460
with all the Western reporters.

95
00:06:17,585 --> 00:06:21,960
Guys from Life,
France Soir and so on.

96
00:06:23,335 --> 00:06:25,210
And a student came up,

97
00:06:26,085 --> 00:06:29,460
his face covered with bandages

98
00:06:29,960 --> 00:06:31,460
and started yelling.

99
00:06:31,710 --> 00:06:33,960
Look what they did to me.

100
00:06:34,085 --> 00:06:36,710
Look what
the dirty revisionists did.

101
00:06:37,960 --> 00:06:40,710
So the reporters rushed over

102
00:06:40,960 --> 00:06:42,585
and began taking photos

103
00:06:42,710 --> 00:06:44,460
as he removed the bandages.

104
00:06:44,710 --> 00:06:46,710
They expected a cut face,

105
00:06:46,960 --> 00:06:50,335
covered with blood or something.

106
00:06:50,460 --> 00:06:53,585
And he carefully removed
his bandages

107
00:06:53,835 --> 00:06:55,960
as they took pictures.

108
00:06:56,585 --> 00:06:57,960
When they were all off,

109
00:06:58,210 --> 00:07:01,960
they realised his face was alright.

110
00:07:02,085 --> 00:07:04,585
So the reporters began yelling,

111
00:07:04,835 --> 00:07:06,835
This Chinaman's a fake.

112
00:07:07,085 --> 00:07:08,835
He's a clown, what is this?

113
00:07:09,335 --> 00:07:11,960
But they hadn't understood.

114
00:07:12,835 --> 00:07:15,585
They didn't realise it was theatre.

115
00:07:16,210 --> 00:07:17,710
Real theatre.

116
00:07:18,960 --> 00:07:20,335
Reflection on reality.

117
00:07:20,585 --> 00:07:22,210
I mean,

118
00:07:22,335 --> 00:07:24,085
like Brecht or Shakespeare.

119
00:07:26,210 --> 00:07:30,585
UNION: COMMUNIST YOUTH
(MARXIST-LENINIST)

120
00:07:35,210 --> 00:07:38,835
We must be different
from our parents.

121
00:07:40,585 --> 00:07:44,335
My father fought the Germans
hard in the war.

122
00:07:44,585 --> 00:07:47,960
Now he runs a Club Med resort.

123
00:07:48,585 --> 00:07:50,960
A big holiday camp by the sea.

124
00:07:51,585 --> 00:07:52,960
What's terrible is

125
00:07:53,210 --> 00:07:56,585
he doesn't realise
that it's made exactly

126
00:07:56,710 --> 00:08:00,835
along the lines
of the concentration camps.

127
00:08:05,835 --> 00:08:07,335
A socialist theatre?

128
00:08:09,210 --> 00:08:10,710
No, I don't know.

129
00:08:12,085 --> 00:08:13,585
I'm looking.

130
00:08:17,460 --> 00:08:20,835
Yes, yes... Mao's ideas can help me.

131
00:08:23,710 --> 00:08:28,585
In any case, you need sincerity
and violence.

132
00:08:33,835 --> 00:08:36,335
You're getting a kick out of this.

133
00:08:36,460 --> 00:08:39,085
Like I'm joking for the film,

134
00:08:39,335 --> 00:08:42,335
because of all the technicians here.

135
00:08:42,960 --> 00:08:44,335
But that's not it.

136
00:08:46,043 --> 00:08:48,085
It's not because of a camera.

137
00:08:48,335 --> 00:08:49,835
I'm sincere.

138
00:09:03,918 --> 00:09:06,043
Yes... in China,

139
00:09:06,210 --> 00:09:08,335
the leaps forward

140
00:09:08,460 --> 00:09:12,585
by the Peking Opera were wonderful.

141
00:09:13,543 --> 00:09:15,460
And in Europe, in France?

142
00:09:16,585 --> 00:09:20,085
In Milan, Strehler does good work.

143
00:09:20,293 --> 00:09:21,418
Yes, he has...

144
00:09:21,585 --> 00:09:26,210
There's a great Althusser text
about a Brecht play...

145
00:09:27,668 --> 00:09:29,835
...and I've made it mine.

146
00:09:31,085 --> 00:09:32,543
I turn around...

147
00:09:35,293 --> 00:09:37,585
And suddenly the question is...

148
00:09:39,418 --> 00:09:44,043
are the words I've just said,
so awkwardly and blindly...

149
00:09:45,543 --> 00:09:51,460
part of a greater play
continuing through me

150
00:09:52,960 --> 00:09:56,168
a worker in the world theatre.

151
00:09:56,585 --> 00:09:58,210
The sense incomplete...

152
00:10:00,210 --> 00:10:03,418
looking through and with me...

153
00:10:03,585 --> 00:10:06,960
all the actors and settings

154
00:10:07,168 --> 00:10:09,210
of the silent oration.

155
00:10:11,835 --> 00:10:13,460
That's why I'm speaking.

156
00:10:15,460 --> 00:10:16,585
Yes, that's why.

157
00:10:16,793 --> 00:10:18,585
Cut, fine. Take five.

158
00:10:22,835 --> 00:10:23,835
Go ahead.

159
00:10:29,460 --> 00:10:31,085
I'll go with Serge.

160
00:10:31,335 --> 00:10:32,793
Don't I get a kiss?

161
00:10:33,460 --> 00:10:35,668
You said we'd go see 8 1/2.

162
00:10:35,835 --> 00:10:36,793
Bye.

163
00:10:36,960 --> 00:10:38,210
It's disgusting.

164
00:10:38,418 --> 00:10:41,460
He always goes if I want him to stay.

165
00:10:44,710 --> 00:10:46,710
It's a starting point.

166
00:10:46,960 --> 00:10:48,460
Politics

167
00:10:48,835 --> 00:10:52,960
are the starting point
of practical revolutionary action.

168
00:10:53,210 --> 00:10:54,210
I don't get it.

169
00:10:58,335 --> 00:10:59,960
You're too much.

170
00:11:00,918 --> 00:11:02,168
I don't understand.

171
00:11:03,085 --> 00:11:05,835
Now listen carefully, Yvonne,
it's easy.

172
00:11:07,460 --> 00:11:11,918
All revolutionary party action
is applied policy.

173
00:11:12,835 --> 00:11:14,835
If it's the wrong policy,

174
00:11:15,085 --> 00:11:16,668
it's the wrong politics.

175
00:11:17,793 --> 00:11:20,960
If you're unaware, you're blind.

176
00:11:22,460 --> 00:11:25,668
Why are you doing dishes,
for example?

177
00:11:25,835 --> 00:11:27,210
To clean them.

178
00:11:27,460 --> 00:11:29,418
Then you've understood.

179
00:11:30,918 --> 00:11:34,085
So 1967 France is like dirty dishes.

180
00:11:34,293 --> 00:11:35,293
Yeah.

181
00:11:40,043 --> 00:11:41,668
On a farm

182
00:11:41,835 --> 00:11:43,835
near Grenoble.

183
00:11:44,710 --> 00:11:46,210
It's a small village.

184
00:11:48,043 --> 00:11:51,210
5am in summer, 7am in winter.

185
00:11:54,418 --> 00:11:57,335
Light the fire, then go to the dairy.

186
00:11:57,585 --> 00:12:01,460
My brother's meal, then the pigs,
clean the stable.

187
00:12:01,668 --> 00:12:06,085
Lunch, the dishes,
washing, the mending.

188
00:12:06,293 --> 00:12:09,918
Usually had no time to mend.

189
00:12:11,085 --> 00:12:15,085
In the afternoon,
gather the eggs, then dinner.

190
00:12:15,335 --> 00:12:17,085
Then feed the calves.

191
00:12:17,210 --> 00:12:21,210
Light the lights in the hen-house.

192
00:12:22,793 --> 00:12:25,168
Then make yoghurt.

193
00:12:25,585 --> 00:12:30,960
Neocapitalist society
won't look at its own face...

194
00:12:32,210 --> 00:12:37,335
I arrived in Paris in 1960.
No, '65...

195
00:12:38,543 --> 00:12:41,460
Yes... sorry, in '64.

196
00:12:42,668 --> 00:12:46,960
Cleaning lady for three years.

197
00:12:48,335 --> 00:12:51,168
It's nice here on the top floor.

198
00:12:51,918 --> 00:12:53,835
It's well lit, airy.

199
00:12:54,085 --> 00:12:56,918
You know I worked at Passy before.

200
00:12:58,460 --> 00:13:03,085
Then at Auteuil
in those big bourgeois flats

201
00:13:03,293 --> 00:13:05,835
on the first floor.

202
00:13:06,043 --> 00:13:07,418
It's always so dark.

203
00:13:07,585 --> 00:13:09,710
I had to sweep in the dark.

204
00:13:09,918 --> 00:13:12,293
Already the metro was dark.

205
00:13:12,460 --> 00:13:15,335
So I went from dark to darkness.

206
00:13:16,710 --> 00:13:17,793
Always black.

207
00:13:17,960 --> 00:13:21,960
Then back into the dark metro
after work.

208
00:13:22,710 --> 00:13:27,793
Whereas here they talk and discuss.

209
00:13:27,960 --> 00:13:30,543
It's very clear for me.

210
00:13:33,168 --> 00:13:36,668
I used to talk while milking cows,

211
00:13:36,835 --> 00:13:38,460
mostly with strangers.

212
00:13:39,710 --> 00:13:44,210
In the country
women are pretty lost.

213
00:13:47,335 --> 00:13:49,460
Yes, I did some prostitution.

214
00:13:50,293 --> 00:13:51,460
Nearly a year...

215
00:13:52,960 --> 00:13:56,335
over by Stalingrad where I lived,

216
00:13:56,585 --> 00:13:59,460
and then on the Champs Elysees

217
00:13:59,668 --> 00:14:03,960
after I'd bought a car
with my money.

218
00:14:04,168 --> 00:14:07,418
A Fiat 850 convertible.

219
00:14:11,418 --> 00:14:13,918
When money's short, I still do it.

220
00:14:14,085 --> 00:14:18,793
When Henri can't sell
Red Guard for example,

221
00:14:18,960 --> 00:14:22,210
or when Veronique
can't find work teaching.

222
00:14:23,668 --> 00:14:25,918
I know it's a contradiction.

223
00:14:26,085 --> 00:14:27,835
Besides, Henri...

224
00:14:35,168 --> 00:14:36,918
...says I'm living proof

225
00:14:37,085 --> 00:14:40,960
of the answer
to the people's contradictions.

226
00:14:44,210 --> 00:14:47,210
I don't trust the Russians so much.

227
00:14:48,960 --> 00:14:51,793
When we screamed "US killers",

228
00:14:51,960 --> 00:14:54,418
all they could answer was,

229
00:14:54,585 --> 00:14:56,418
Red Guard killers.

230
00:14:56,585 --> 00:14:59,085
So I distrust them.

231
00:15:01,543 --> 00:15:03,460
Marxism-Leninism?

232
00:15:04,960 --> 00:15:06,418
Definitions.

233
00:15:09,335 --> 00:15:12,585
When the sun sets, it's all red.

234
00:15:12,835 --> 00:15:14,293
Then it disappears.

235
00:15:14,460 --> 00:15:19,085
But in my heart the sun never sets.

236
00:15:20,085 --> 00:15:23,335
Dictatorship is needed
to stop thieves,

237
00:15:23,543 --> 00:15:25,960
crooks, killers,

238
00:15:26,168 --> 00:15:29,085
pyromaniacs, gangs

239
00:15:29,293 --> 00:15:33,835
and all other evil minds
that upset public order.

240
00:15:38,460 --> 00:15:42,168
A Communist is frank,
open-minded, devoted,

241
00:15:42,335 --> 00:15:45,585
putting the revolution
before his life,

242
00:15:45,835 --> 00:15:48,210
above any personal interests.

243
00:15:48,460 --> 00:15:51,460
He must always hold
to just principles

244
00:15:51,668 --> 00:15:54,835
and fight any wrong ideas
or actions

245
00:15:55,085 --> 00:15:57,835
so as to help
the collective Party life

246
00:15:58,043 --> 00:16:00,543
reinforcing ties with the masses.

247
00:16:00,710 --> 00:16:04,585
He will think more of the Party
than the individual.

248
00:16:04,793 --> 00:16:07,418
He'll care for others
more than himself.

249
00:16:07,585 --> 00:16:10,335
Then he'll deserve
the name 'Communist'.

250
00:16:11,043 --> 00:16:15,168
A Communist must always
ask himself why

251
00:16:15,335 --> 00:16:16,960
and think carefully

252
00:16:17,210 --> 00:16:21,335
to see if everything
conforms to reality.

253
00:16:23,668 --> 00:16:27,210
A Communist is never infallible,

254
00:16:27,460 --> 00:16:29,210
should never be arrogant

255
00:16:29,460 --> 00:16:32,918
and never think things
are OK only at home.

256
00:16:44,168 --> 00:16:45,960
The history of mankind

257
00:16:46,168 --> 00:16:49,043
is a continual progress
from necessity

258
00:16:49,210 --> 00:16:51,335
to the reign of liberty.

259
00:16:51,710 --> 00:16:54,085
What's for Monday?

260
00:16:54,793 --> 00:16:56,585
Crime and politics.

261
00:17:00,543 --> 00:17:03,335
THE IMPERIALISTS ARE STILL

262
00:17:03,668 --> 00:17:09,585
<i>The student revolutionary movement</i>
<i>has grown.</i>

263
00:17:10,085 --> 00:17:13,043
<i>The white-collar</i>
<i>revolutionary struggle</i>

264
00:17:13,210 --> 00:17:17,418
<i>has spread among the workers</i>
<i>and peasants.</i>

265
00:17:17,585 --> 00:17:19,043
<i>This is Radio Peking.</i>

266
00:17:19,418 --> 00:17:23,293
<i>Comrades, that is the latest</i>
<i>news bulletin.</i>

267
00:17:31,960 --> 00:17:34,460
- This is Omar.
- Louder.

268
00:17:34,710 --> 00:17:39,085
This is Omar, a comrade
in philosophy at Nanterre.

269
00:17:40,585 --> 00:17:41,960
That's enough.

270
00:17:43,460 --> 00:17:45,335
Comrades and friends...

271
00:17:46,460 --> 00:17:50,210
In addition
to his crimes and faults,

272
00:17:50,335 --> 00:17:53,085
those who blame Stalin...

273
00:17:55,335 --> 00:17:57,210
for all our deceptions,

274
00:17:57,710 --> 00:18:02,335
our mistakes and despair
in any sphere.

275
00:18:02,460 --> 00:18:05,585
They might be very upset

276
00:18:05,835 --> 00:18:09,585
to realise the end
of intellectual totalitarianism...

277
00:18:09,835 --> 00:18:11,960
- That's dogmatism.
- If you like.

278
00:18:12,085 --> 00:18:14,585
The end of intellectual dogmatism

279
00:18:14,835 --> 00:18:16,835
hasn't given us Marxism

280
00:18:17,085 --> 00:18:19,085
in its complete form.

281
00:18:19,335 --> 00:18:22,085
After all, we can only liberate

282
00:18:22,335 --> 00:18:25,835
what already exists,
even from dogmatism.

283
00:18:25,960 --> 00:18:31,085
Stalin's death meant
freedom for research

284
00:18:31,335 --> 00:18:36,960
and a fever of people rushing
to philosophise

285
00:18:37,210 --> 00:18:41,085
about their feelings
on liberation

286
00:18:41,335 --> 00:18:43,460
and their taste for freedom.

287
00:18:50,460 --> 00:18:52,335
Stalin's death gave us

288
00:18:52,585 --> 00:18:57,085
the right to count exactly
what we own.

289
00:18:57,210 --> 00:18:59,960
To call both wealth
and nakedness...

290
00:19:00,085 --> 00:19:01,710
by their real names,

291
00:19:01,960 --> 00:19:04,960
to think and talk aloud
about our problems

292
00:19:05,710 --> 00:19:09,210
and to undertake serious research.

293
00:19:09,460 --> 00:19:11,960
Stalin's death allowed us

294
00:19:12,210 --> 00:19:15,835
to get partially away
from our provincial theories.

295
00:19:16,585 --> 00:19:21,710
To recognise and know the existence
of others aside from us

296
00:19:21,960 --> 00:19:26,835
and seeing this exterior,
begin to see ourselves better.

297
00:19:26,960 --> 00:19:30,210
To know the place we occupy
in the knowledge

298
00:19:30,460 --> 00:19:32,210
and ignorance of Marxism

299
00:19:32,335 --> 00:19:35,960
and then begin to know ourselves.

300
00:19:38,960 --> 00:19:44,210
Today's task is simply to define,

301
00:19:44,460 --> 00:19:47,085
to face these problems
in the light of day

302
00:19:47,335 --> 00:19:50,085
if we want to give some existence

303
00:19:50,210 --> 00:19:54,585
and consistency
to Marxist philosophy.

304
00:19:55,085 --> 00:19:56,960
Any questions?

305
00:19:57,585 --> 00:20:00,210
Can a non-socialist revolution

306
00:20:00,460 --> 00:20:04,710
peacefully be changed
into a socialist one?

307
00:20:04,960 --> 00:20:07,710
Yes, under specific conditions.

308
00:20:08,335 --> 00:20:10,085
But never can

309
00:20:10,335 --> 00:20:13,835
an absence of revolution
be changed to revolution,

310
00:20:13,960 --> 00:20:18,210
nor into a socialist revolution,
and even to socialism.

311
00:20:18,460 --> 00:20:21,210
No matter how you look at it,

312
00:20:21,460 --> 00:20:26,085
the road to socialism
leads to revolution.

313
00:20:26,335 --> 00:20:30,585
But your question reveals
a false underlying notion.

314
00:20:31,960 --> 00:20:34,085
Where do just ideas arise?

315
00:20:34,835 --> 00:20:37,210
Where do just ideas come from?

316
00:20:39,585 --> 00:20:40,710
Out of the sky.

317
00:20:42,210 --> 00:20:47,585
No, they come
from social interaction, and...

318
00:20:47,710 --> 00:20:49,335
The fight to produce?

319
00:20:49,585 --> 00:20:50,460
Yes, and then...

320
00:20:56,085 --> 00:20:58,460
From scientific research.

321
00:20:59,085 --> 00:21:02,210
Yes, and what else?

322
00:21:03,835 --> 00:21:06,585
From the class struggle.

323
00:21:06,835 --> 00:21:10,835
Some classes are victorious,
others defeated.

324
00:21:11,085 --> 00:21:13,085
That's history.

325
00:21:13,335 --> 00:21:16,710
The history of all civilizations.

326
00:21:17,460 --> 00:21:20,710
Will it end
under proletarian dictatorship?

327
00:21:20,960 --> 00:21:23,460
No. In his speech

328
00:21:23,585 --> 00:21:25,835
to the transport workers

329
00:21:25,960 --> 00:21:27,835
on 29 March 1921,

330
00:21:28,335 --> 00:21:30,460
Lenin showed

331
00:21:30,710 --> 00:21:34,960
class struggle doesn't disappear
under proletarian dictatorship.

332
00:21:35,085 --> 00:21:37,835
It takes on other forms.

333
00:21:38,710 --> 00:21:44,085
As is happening in Russia today.

334
00:21:44,210 --> 00:21:50,085
Yes, in spite of the lies of the duo,
Brezhnev - Kosygin.

335
00:21:51,460 --> 00:21:54,460
Give up illusions
and prepare to fight.

336
00:21:54,710 --> 00:21:57,585
This world is as much yours as ours.

337
00:21:57,835 --> 00:21:59,710
Hope lies with you.

338
00:21:59,835 --> 00:22:02,210
To work is to fight

339
00:22:02,335 --> 00:22:07,085
and you must seek truth
in the facts.

340
00:22:07,335 --> 00:22:09,710
But exactly what is a fact?

341
00:22:10,710 --> 00:22:13,835
Facts are things and phenomena

342
00:22:14,085 --> 00:22:17,335
as they exist objectively.

343
00:22:17,585 --> 00:22:21,335
Truth is the link between things
and phenomena.

344
00:22:21,460 --> 00:22:23,585
Which is to say the laws.

345
00:22:23,835 --> 00:22:26,210
To seek is to study.

346
00:22:26,335 --> 00:22:27,710
We must begin

347
00:22:27,960 --> 00:22:31,085
with the internal
and external situation

348
00:22:31,210 --> 00:22:34,710
going from country to country.

349
00:22:34,835 --> 00:22:39,210
Sort out the laws that apply
to serve as guides

350
00:22:39,460 --> 00:22:42,960
and not use our imaginations.

351
00:22:44,585 --> 00:22:47,960
Which is to say find
the internal ties in events

352
00:22:48,210 --> 00:22:49,835
occurring around us.

353
00:22:49,960 --> 00:22:52,585
What made me discover Marxism?

354
00:22:52,835 --> 00:22:54,710
At first Nanterre bored me,

355
00:22:54,835 --> 00:22:57,460
because it was surrounded by slums.

356
00:22:57,585 --> 00:22:59,085
Then little by little,

357
00:22:59,210 --> 00:23:03,460
I found philosophy suited
a worker's suburb.

358
00:23:11,460 --> 00:23:15,210
We and the workers
lived like penned rabbits.

359
00:23:15,335 --> 00:23:17,335
But rabbits multiply.

360
00:23:18,960 --> 00:23:21,960
And in the mornings
I met the Algerian children

361
00:23:22,210 --> 00:23:24,210
and the mechanics from Simca.

362
00:23:28,460 --> 00:23:30,335
Right, so...

363
00:23:30,585 --> 00:23:32,710
I thought I passed them by,

364
00:23:32,960 --> 00:23:35,335
but we stopped in the same cafes.

365
00:23:35,585 --> 00:23:37,585
We were at the station together,

366
00:23:37,835 --> 00:23:40,710
had the same rain
and nearly the same work.

367
00:23:43,710 --> 00:23:46,085
That's where I understood

368
00:23:46,335 --> 00:23:49,460
the three basic inequalities
of capitalism

369
00:23:49,710 --> 00:23:52,835
and especially
of the Gaullist regime in France.

370
00:23:53,835 --> 00:23:58,210
No difference in intellectual
and manual work

371
00:23:58,460 --> 00:24:00,335
between town and country.

372
00:24:00,460 --> 00:24:04,210
I see those here all the time.

373
00:24:04,460 --> 00:24:06,960
Third, between farming and industry.

374
00:24:07,210 --> 00:24:12,335
That also pushed me
to study Marxism-Leninism.

375
00:24:13,085 --> 00:24:15,460
Seriously, if I were brave,

376
00:24:15,710 --> 00:24:19,835
I'd dynamite the Sorbonne,
the Louvre, the Comédie-Française.

377
00:24:20,085 --> 00:24:21,085
Really?

378
00:24:26,210 --> 00:24:28,210
The revolution's no party.

379
00:24:28,460 --> 00:24:31,585
It's not made like a work of art.

380
00:24:31,835 --> 00:24:36,085
It can't be done
with elegance and peace of mind,

381
00:24:36,210 --> 00:24:38,960
with such tenderness and manners

382
00:24:39,210 --> 00:24:41,335
with reserve and generosity.

383
00:24:41,585 --> 00:24:44,210
Revolution is a violent uprising

384
00:24:44,460 --> 00:24:47,210
when one class overthrows another.

385
00:24:47,710 --> 00:24:49,585
I'm in the philosophy class.

386
00:25:00,085 --> 00:25:02,710
I know I'm cut off from the workers.

387
00:25:02,960 --> 00:25:05,335
After all, my family are bankers.

388
00:25:05,585 --> 00:25:07,335
I've always lived with them.

389
00:25:09,960 --> 00:25:11,835
None of that's very clear.

390
00:25:12,460 --> 00:25:15,960
That's exactly why
I keep on studying.

391
00:25:19,210 --> 00:25:22,835
To understand first
and then to change,

392
00:25:22,960 --> 00:25:25,835
and then formulate a theory.

393
00:25:33,460 --> 00:25:36,210
For myself, for example.

394
00:25:38,335 --> 00:25:41,210
Not based on misery,
but prosperity.

395
00:25:42,835 --> 00:25:44,710
Since I often profit from it.

396
00:25:46,335 --> 00:25:48,210
Even if I am ashamed of it.

397
00:25:48,460 --> 00:25:50,710
You often hear "a quick retort",

398
00:25:50,835 --> 00:25:52,960
what does that mean?

399
00:25:53,210 --> 00:25:54,585
Quick retort?

400
00:25:57,210 --> 00:26:00,085
For us it's to first eliminate exams.

401
00:26:02,335 --> 00:26:04,960
Since we learn nothing
and can't copy

402
00:26:05,085 --> 00:26:06,835
and it's a kind of racism,

403
00:26:07,085 --> 00:26:10,460
since they're
for full-time students

404
00:26:10,835 --> 00:26:14,710
and create anxiety
and sexual frustration.

405
00:26:16,460 --> 00:26:19,085
Should books be burned?

406
00:26:20,710 --> 00:26:22,585
No, they shouldn't.

407
00:26:23,085 --> 00:26:25,335
We couldn't criticize them then.

408
00:26:25,960 --> 00:26:28,085
And youth all aflame
holds nothing back.

409
00:26:28,210 --> 00:26:30,460
Hate, love, sorrow, happiness.

410
00:26:30,710 --> 00:26:32,585
It is ready to pour out its heart.

411
00:26:32,710 --> 00:26:36,335
In love like an invalid,
Onéguine...

412
00:26:38,210 --> 00:26:40,460
With a serious look, Onéguine

413
00:26:40,585 --> 00:26:42,960
listened to the poet's heart

414
00:26:43,085 --> 00:26:46,335
reveal its guileless awareness.

415
00:27:05,085 --> 00:27:06,585
I want to be blind.

416
00:27:07,585 --> 00:27:08,710
Why?

417
00:27:09,835 --> 00:27:13,710
To speak to each other better.
We'd listen carefully.

418
00:27:14,835 --> 00:27:16,335
Yes, how?

419
00:27:17,085 --> 00:27:19,585
We'd use language differently.

420
00:27:21,460 --> 00:27:25,085
Don't forget in 2,000 years
words have changed meaning.

421
00:27:25,960 --> 00:27:27,085
So?

422
00:27:29,085 --> 00:27:32,835
So, we'd talk seriously
to each other.

423
00:27:33,085 --> 00:27:34,460
Which means

424
00:27:35,335 --> 00:27:38,085
finally meanings
would change words.

425
00:27:41,210 --> 00:27:42,460
Right.

426
00:27:43,210 --> 00:27:46,335
Talk as if words were
sounds and matter.

427
00:27:48,585 --> 00:27:49,585
That's...

428
00:27:50,835 --> 00:27:52,960
what they are.

429
00:27:54,335 --> 00:27:55,585
Veronique.

430
00:27:57,335 --> 00:27:59,335
Right, let's try then.

431
00:28:01,835 --> 00:28:03,585
On the river bank.

432
00:28:05,585 --> 00:28:07,335
Green and blue.

433
00:28:08,335 --> 00:28:09,585
Tenderness.

434
00:28:11,585 --> 00:28:13,210
A bit of despair.

435
00:28:13,835 --> 00:28:15,335
After tomorrow.

436
00:28:15,460 --> 00:28:16,835
Maybe.

437
00:28:18,835 --> 00:28:20,585
Literary theory.

438
00:28:21,960 --> 00:28:23,835
A film by Nicolas.

439
00:28:25,085 --> 00:28:26,335
Ray.

440
00:28:27,085 --> 00:28:30,335
The Moscow trials.

441
00:28:32,835 --> 00:28:34,460
Red bird.

442
00:28:34,710 --> 00:28:35,835
Rock...

443
00:28:38,585 --> 00:28:39,960
and roll.

444
00:28:40,835 --> 00:28:42,335
Et cetera.

445
00:28:48,710 --> 00:28:50,335
You know I love you.

446
00:30:09,710 --> 00:30:11,335
The...

447
00:30:11,710 --> 00:30:12,960
theoretical...

448
00:30:13,960 --> 00:30:15,210
base...

449
00:30:15,960 --> 00:30:17,210
which...

450
00:30:17,835 --> 00:30:19,210
serves...

451
00:30:19,835 --> 00:30:21,335
as...

452
00:30:21,460 --> 00:30:22,710
a guide...

453
00:30:22,835 --> 00:30:24,085
in...

454
00:30:24,210 --> 00:30:25,460
our...

455
00:30:25,710 --> 00:30:27,210
thinking...

456
00:30:27,335 --> 00:30:28,335
is...

457
00:30:28,585 --> 00:30:29,710
Marxism...

458
00:30:30,085 --> 00:30:31,335
Leninism.

459
00:30:35,835 --> 00:30:38,710
THE IMPERIALISTS ARE STILL ALIVE

460
00:30:45,085 --> 00:30:46,835
Comrades and friends.

461
00:30:46,960 --> 00:30:48,585
Today is current events.

462
00:30:48,835 --> 00:30:51,585
We see them daily at the movies.

463
00:30:51,710 --> 00:30:56,460
There's a false idea
about current events at the movies.

464
00:30:57,585 --> 00:31:00,335
They say Lumiere
invented current events.

465
00:31:01,710 --> 00:31:03,585
He made documentaries.

466
00:31:03,835 --> 00:31:05,835
But there was also Melies,

467
00:31:06,085 --> 00:31:08,460
who made fiction.

468
00:31:08,585 --> 00:31:11,335
He was a dreamer filming fantasies.

469
00:31:11,710 --> 00:31:13,460
I think just the opposite.

470
00:31:13,710 --> 00:31:14,960
Prove it.

471
00:31:16,085 --> 00:31:19,585
Two days ago
I saw a film by Mr Langlois,

472
00:31:19,710 --> 00:31:22,585
the director of the Cinematheque,
about Lumiere.

473
00:31:22,710 --> 00:31:25,835
It proves Lumiere was a painter.

474
00:31:27,085 --> 00:31:29,585
He filmed the same things

475
00:31:29,835 --> 00:31:33,460
painters were painting at that time,

476
00:31:33,710 --> 00:31:35,835
men like Charo, Manet or Renoir.

477
00:31:36,085 --> 00:31:37,085
What did he film?

478
00:31:37,210 --> 00:31:39,835
He filmed train stations.

479
00:31:40,085 --> 00:31:42,585
He filmed public gardens,

480
00:31:42,710 --> 00:31:44,335
workers going home,

481
00:31:44,460 --> 00:31:45,710
men playing cards.

482
00:31:45,960 --> 00:31:47,085
He filmed trams.

483
00:31:47,335 --> 00:31:50,085
One of the last great
Impressionists?

484
00:31:50,335 --> 00:31:53,460
Exactly, a contemporary of Proust.

485
00:31:53,710 --> 00:31:55,960
So Melies did the same thing.

486
00:31:56,210 --> 00:31:59,210
No, what was Melies doing
at that time?

487
00:31:59,460 --> 00:32:01,835
He filmed a trip to the moon.

488
00:32:02,085 --> 00:32:06,335
Melies filmed

489
00:32:06,460 --> 00:32:10,085
the King of Yugoslavia's visit
to President Fallieres.

490
00:32:10,210 --> 00:32:11,835
And now in perspective,

491
00:32:12,085 --> 00:32:15,335
we realise
those were the current events.

492
00:32:15,460 --> 00:32:17,460
No kidding, it's true.

493
00:32:18,210 --> 00:32:22,835
He made current events.
They were re-enacted, alright.

494
00:32:23,085 --> 00:32:25,085
Yet they were the real events.

495
00:32:25,335 --> 00:32:27,835
I'd even say
Melies was like Brecht.

496
00:32:28,960 --> 00:32:30,835
We mustn't forget that.

497
00:32:30,960 --> 00:32:32,835
And why mustn't we?

498
00:32:33,085 --> 00:32:34,710
Why mustn't we?

499
00:32:37,710 --> 00:32:39,210
So why?

500
00:32:40,460 --> 00:32:41,710
Why?

501
00:32:43,835 --> 00:32:47,835
Because an analysis
of a specific situation,

502
00:32:48,085 --> 00:32:50,835
as Lenin says, is the essential...

503
00:32:51,085 --> 00:32:51,835
An analysis?

504
00:32:52,085 --> 00:32:53,710
...the soul of Marxism.

505
00:32:53,960 --> 00:32:55,085
What's analysis?

506
00:32:56,335 --> 00:32:59,210
It's seeing
the inherent contradictions...

507
00:32:59,335 --> 00:33:01,460
OK, but why analysis?

508
00:33:01,710 --> 00:33:02,835
Because

509
00:33:02,960 --> 00:33:07,960
things are complicated
by determining factors.

510
00:33:08,085 --> 00:33:11,335
Yes, Marx, Engels, Lenin and Stalin

511
00:33:11,460 --> 00:33:14,710
teach us to carefully study
the situation

512
00:33:15,460 --> 00:33:17,960
very conscientiously.

513
00:33:18,460 --> 00:33:22,210
Starting from objective reality,

514
00:33:22,835 --> 00:33:25,835
not from our subjective desires.

515
00:33:26,710 --> 00:33:27,585
Right?

516
00:33:27,710 --> 00:33:29,085
OK, exactly.

517
00:33:29,210 --> 00:33:30,960
Especially in the news.

518
00:33:31,085 --> 00:33:33,835
We must examine
the different aspects,

519
00:33:33,960 --> 00:33:35,585
not just one.

520
00:33:38,835 --> 00:33:42,085
Enough theory. Now a problem.

521
00:33:43,835 --> 00:33:46,335
Which one do you want?

522
00:33:47,085 --> 00:33:48,085
War.

523
00:33:48,335 --> 00:33:49,335
Asia.

524
00:33:49,460 --> 00:33:53,460
The war in Asia, Vietnam, then.

525
00:33:53,960 --> 00:33:55,960
Who are the actors?

526
00:33:56,085 --> 00:33:57,085
The Americans.

527
00:33:57,335 --> 00:33:58,460
The Americans.

528
00:34:00,085 --> 00:34:05,085
Americans... who have dropped
more bombs on a tiny country

529
00:34:05,835 --> 00:34:09,460
than during the World War
and are wrong in their doctrine,

530
00:34:09,710 --> 00:34:11,460
Asia for the Americans.

531
00:34:11,585 --> 00:34:12,835
The Russians.

532
00:34:13,085 --> 00:34:17,085
The Russians are a bit cowardly
as they go,

533
00:34:17,210 --> 00:34:19,085
Do as I say, not as I do.

534
00:34:20,335 --> 00:34:21,585
The Chinese.

535
00:34:21,710 --> 00:34:23,585
Oh yes... the Chinese.

536
00:34:23,710 --> 00:34:26,210
The Chinese who apply Mao's ideas.

537
00:34:28,960 --> 00:34:32,710
Reactionaries are paper tigers.

538
00:34:32,960 --> 00:34:34,960
They appear ferocious.

539
00:34:35,210 --> 00:34:38,085
But they're not really so powerful.

540
00:34:38,460 --> 00:34:40,460
At the Moscow conference

541
00:34:40,710 --> 00:34:44,335
of Communist workers
on 18 November 1957:

542
00:34:44,835 --> 00:34:48,460
Strategically we must scorn the enemy

543
00:34:48,585 --> 00:34:52,460
but tactically weigh him carefully.

544
00:34:55,960 --> 00:34:59,210
Then there are the others,
the on-lookers,

545
00:34:59,960 --> 00:35:02,585
the indifferent, the lazy,
people like...

546
00:35:02,835 --> 00:35:03,960
like the French...

547
00:35:06,543 --> 00:35:07,960
Or the English.

548
00:35:11,293 --> 00:35:13,710
Isn't Vietnam an actor?

549
00:35:13,835 --> 00:35:15,210
Yes, Vietnam.

550
00:35:21,668 --> 00:35:23,043
Help, help.

551
00:35:24,418 --> 00:35:27,710
First a few facts,
as truth lies there.

552
00:35:37,210 --> 00:35:38,585
The NLF will win.

553
00:35:39,168 --> 00:35:40,793
The NLF will win.

554
00:35:57,835 --> 00:35:59,210
In short.

555
00:35:59,418 --> 00:36:02,085
<i>The liberation army</i>
<i>in Ta Kien province</i>

556
00:36:02,210 --> 00:36:05,835
<i>has killed and captured</i>
<i>10 of the 300 puppet soldiers.</i>

557
00:36:06,043 --> 00:36:07,835
<i>Radio Peking...</i>

558
00:36:08,335 --> 00:36:11,918
In brief, Johnson's fighting
Communism in Vietnam.

559
00:36:12,543 --> 00:36:14,918
OK, right.

560
00:36:15,085 --> 00:36:18,710
That proves there are
two kinds of Communism,

561
00:36:18,960 --> 00:36:22,585
since in Europe
he's not fighting it at all.

562
00:36:22,835 --> 00:36:25,960
On the contrary,
he signs agreements with Moscow.

563
00:36:26,585 --> 00:36:29,918
He invites Hungarian swimmers
to Los Angeles.

564
00:36:30,085 --> 00:36:32,710
He invites Czech violinists

565
00:36:32,918 --> 00:36:35,835
to play with the Boston Symphony.

566
00:36:36,043 --> 00:36:38,710
He builds factories
in Romania, in Poland,

567
00:36:38,960 --> 00:36:41,585
while destroying
the factories in Hanoi.

568
00:36:42,085 --> 00:36:44,918
Help, help, help.

569
00:36:45,668 --> 00:36:49,210
Help, Mr Kosygin, help.

570
00:36:49,710 --> 00:36:52,835
That proves there are two
Communisms.

571
00:36:52,960 --> 00:36:55,085
A dangerous one,

572
00:36:55,293 --> 00:36:57,335
and one not dangerous.

573
00:36:57,710 --> 00:37:01,168
A Communism Johnson must fight,

574
00:37:01,335 --> 00:37:03,585
and one he holds out his hand to.

575
00:37:03,835 --> 00:37:05,793
<i>Hello Kosygin, you OK?</i>

576
00:37:05,960 --> 00:37:09,710
And why is one of them
no longer dangerous?

577
00:37:10,335 --> 00:37:11,960
Because it has changed.

578
00:37:12,168 --> 00:37:14,168
The Americans haven't.

579
00:37:14,335 --> 00:37:16,293
They're an imperialist power.

580
00:37:17,460 --> 00:37:22,293
Since they haven't changed,
then it's the others who've changed.

581
00:37:22,460 --> 00:37:27,210
The Russians and their friends
have become revisionists

582
00:37:27,918 --> 00:37:30,543
that Americans can get on with.

583
00:37:30,710 --> 00:37:34,835
While the real Communists
that haven't changed

584
00:37:35,710 --> 00:37:38,460
need to be kicked in the face.

585
00:37:38,710 --> 00:37:41,085
That's what Vietnam's about.

586
00:37:41,335 --> 00:37:42,960
<i>I'm for peace in Vietnam.</i>

587
00:37:43,418 --> 00:37:45,835
Whether intentionally or not,

588
00:37:46,085 --> 00:37:49,418
both the Russians and Americans...

589
00:37:50,710 --> 00:37:52,460
<i>I'm for peace in Vietnam.</i>

590
00:37:54,335 --> 00:37:57,585
...are fighting the real Communists,
in China.

591
00:37:58,335 --> 00:38:01,543
That's a general conclusion.

592
00:38:01,710 --> 00:38:02,960
As for Vietnam...

593
00:38:03,668 --> 00:38:07,710
Help, help, Mr Kosygin!

594
00:38:07,918 --> 00:38:10,793
Help, Mr Kosygin!

595
00:38:16,460 --> 00:38:19,168
Hurry, Mr Kosygin!

596
00:38:21,543 --> 00:38:22,960
A specific conclusion is...

597
00:38:23,168 --> 00:38:24,085
Any

598
00:38:24,210 --> 00:38:25,543
progressive

599
00:38:25,710 --> 00:38:27,335
war... is just.

600
00:38:27,543 --> 00:38:30,085
Any war... opposing progress...

601
00:38:30,210 --> 00:38:31,668
is unjust.

602
00:38:31,835 --> 00:38:32,960
We other...

603
00:38:34,043 --> 00:38:37,210
Communists... are fighting...
against...

604
00:38:37,960 --> 00:38:39,543
all... such...

605
00:38:39,793 --> 00:38:41,168
unjust... wars.

606
00:38:42,918 --> 00:38:46,585
But we aren't... against...
progressive wars.

607
00:38:48,585 --> 00:38:49,835
Friends, comrades.

608
00:38:50,085 --> 00:38:53,460
Why is being American intolerable?

609
00:38:55,585 --> 00:38:57,668
An important question.

610
00:38:57,835 --> 00:39:04,085
Indeed, if a socialist might admire
the wealth of the US

611
00:39:04,293 --> 00:39:10,460
he must place it in perspective
in the relative world context...

612
00:39:12,668 --> 00:39:14,835
...and at that level understand it,

613
00:39:15,043 --> 00:39:18,085
using rareness and exploitation
as criteria.

614
00:39:18,335 --> 00:39:20,793
Rareness, exploitation.

615
00:39:21,543 --> 00:39:25,335
Protesting the structures
that feed it.

616
00:39:25,585 --> 00:39:26,960
Structures.

617
00:39:27,710 --> 00:39:32,460
Otherwise socialism falls
into the right-wing trap...

618
00:39:32,710 --> 00:39:33,835
Trap.

619
00:39:35,210 --> 00:39:39,085
...which is the Stalinism
of Capitalistic abundance,

620
00:39:39,335 --> 00:39:44,085
an apology for power, for luxury.

621
00:39:44,793 --> 00:39:46,668
A good example is

622
00:39:46,835 --> 00:39:51,210
the current French Finance Minister,
Mr Michel Debré.

623
00:39:51,668 --> 00:39:52,668
For us,

624
00:39:53,335 --> 00:39:56,835
the human sciences must again be...

625
00:39:57,043 --> 00:39:58,710
what they were for Marx.

626
00:39:58,918 --> 00:40:01,043
A political instrument.

627
00:40:01,918 --> 00:40:03,960
A fighting truth.

628
00:40:04,168 --> 00:40:06,460
A fighting truth.

629
00:40:07,085 --> 00:40:10,418
Don't forget
the 19th century Marxists,

630
00:40:10,585 --> 00:40:13,710
before filling
the Russian academies,

631
00:40:13,960 --> 00:40:16,293
were men of science.

632
00:40:16,668 --> 00:40:19,210
Hooligan iconoclasts

633
00:40:19,460 --> 00:40:21,085
and revolutionaries.

634
00:40:21,335 --> 00:40:23,085
Revolutionaries.

635
00:40:24,085 --> 00:40:26,710
Today some schools
for human sciences

636
00:40:26,835 --> 00:40:31,210
are retracing the road to Marxism,
but backwards.

637
00:40:31,710 --> 00:40:33,585
Not to show flaws in society,

638
00:40:34,960 --> 00:40:37,835
but to show flaws as part of a whole,

639
00:40:37,960 --> 00:40:42,460
to show how men's will and projects
cannot change.

640
00:40:42,793 --> 00:40:45,585
Structure, change.

641
00:40:46,543 --> 00:40:51,460
In short, man is an idea
of modern thinkers

642
00:40:52,335 --> 00:40:54,960
that can be transcended.

643
00:40:55,835 --> 00:41:00,418
This situation
in the human sciences

644
00:41:00,668 --> 00:41:03,710
that Sartre tried to upset
by his genius...

645
00:41:04,168 --> 00:41:06,585
this situation is disturbing...

646
00:41:07,085 --> 00:41:07,960
Disturbing.

647
00:41:08,585 --> 00:41:10,085
It's the image

648
00:41:10,710 --> 00:41:14,168
of the impotence of Europe's left.

649
00:41:16,293 --> 00:41:20,085
That impotence
indicates its decline.

650
00:41:20,293 --> 00:41:23,085
THEY CONTINUE

651
00:41:23,210 --> 00:41:25,460
We're a bit like Robinson.

652
00:41:25,585 --> 00:41:28,668
Remember Engel's text on Robinson?

653
00:41:28,835 --> 00:41:30,335
In what?

654
00:41:30,543 --> 00:41:32,460
In Anti-Duhring.

655
00:41:32,668 --> 00:41:34,585
Guillaume, answer the phone!

656
00:41:40,168 --> 00:41:44,210
What surprises me
are your quarrels with the Party.

657
00:41:45,918 --> 00:41:48,918
After a while I discovered

658
00:41:49,710 --> 00:41:52,960
three quarters of the ideas
and analyses

659
00:41:53,793 --> 00:41:55,793
by the Party are false

660
00:41:55,960 --> 00:41:57,835
for intellectuals.

661
00:41:58,918 --> 00:42:00,168
Too close to Moscow.

662
00:42:00,460 --> 00:42:03,918
Look. Nizan is dead,
Merleau is dead.

663
00:42:04,085 --> 00:42:07,168
Sartre's hiding in Flaubert,
Aragon in maths.

664
00:42:08,460 --> 00:42:12,960
I find them both moving now.

665
00:42:13,293 --> 00:42:16,335
Right, but it's tragic also.

666
00:42:17,168 --> 00:42:19,335
It's the Party's fault?

667
00:42:19,543 --> 00:42:21,918
Yes, exactly.

668
00:42:22,085 --> 00:42:24,668
That's why we must seek our ideal

669
00:42:24,835 --> 00:42:27,210
1,000 km away in Peking.

670
00:42:29,210 --> 00:42:32,668
Listen:
No matter what his position,

671
00:42:32,960 --> 00:42:35,835
no Communist
should automatically treat,

672
00:42:36,085 --> 00:42:40,293
without due process,
the Chinese Cultural Revolution

673
00:42:40,460 --> 00:42:43,543
like just another fact or argument.

674
00:42:43,710 --> 00:42:46,585
The Cultural Revolution
isn't an argument.

675
00:42:46,835 --> 00:42:48,793
First it's historical fact,

676
00:42:48,960 --> 00:42:52,293
an historical fact
unlike any other.

677
00:42:52,460 --> 00:42:54,043
Then there's this.

678
00:42:54,668 --> 00:42:57,418
Exporting cultural revolt
is impossible,

679
00:42:57,585 --> 00:43:00,043
as it belongs to China.

680
00:43:00,210 --> 00:43:04,293
But the theoretical lessons
belong to all Communists.

681
00:43:04,460 --> 00:43:09,210
They must borrow the lessons
and make them their own.

682
00:43:09,418 --> 00:43:11,210
Guillaume, answer the phone!

683
00:43:16,210 --> 00:43:17,960
I'm Veronique Supervielle.

684
00:43:18,210 --> 00:43:21,210
I'm 19 years, eight months,

685
00:43:21,460 --> 00:43:24,210
14 hours, two minutes,

686
00:43:24,585 --> 00:43:29,043
SECOND MOVEMENT OF THE FILM

687
00:43:29,210 --> 00:43:33,043
<i>Vietnam burns</i>
<i>and me I spurn Mao Mao</i>

688
00:43:33,335 --> 00:43:37,168
<i>Johnson giggles</i>
<i>and me I wiggle Mao Mao</i>

689
00:43:37,710 --> 00:43:41,085
<i>Napalm runs and me I gun Mao Mao</i>

690
00:43:42,085 --> 00:43:45,835
<i>Cities die and me I cry Mao Mao</i>

691
00:43:46,460 --> 00:43:50,085
<i>Whores cry and me I sigh Mao Mao</i>

692
00:43:50,710 --> 00:43:54,460
<i>The rice is mad and me a cad</i>

693
00:43:55,085 --> 00:43:58,960
<i>It's the Little Red Book</i>

694
00:43:59,335 --> 00:44:03,668
<i>That makes it all move</i>

695
00:44:04,335 --> 00:44:08,293
<i>Imperialism lays down the law</i>

696
00:44:08,460 --> 00:44:12,710
<i>Revolution is not a party</i>

697
00:44:12,918 --> 00:44:16,335
<i>The A-bomb is a paper tiger</i>

698
00:44:16,960 --> 00:44:20,960
<i>The masses are the real heroes</i>

699
00:44:21,210 --> 00:44:24,960
<i>The Yanks kill and me I read Mao Mao</i>

700
00:44:25,460 --> 00:44:29,710
<i>The jester is king</i>
<i>and me I sing Mao Mao</i>

701
00:44:29,960 --> 00:44:33,960
<i>The bombs go off</i>
<i>and me I scoff Mao Mao</i>

702
00:44:34,210 --> 00:44:38,293
<i>Girls run and me I follow Mao Mao</i>

703
00:44:38,460 --> 00:44:42,460
<i>The Russians eat</i>
<i>and me I dance Mao Mao</i>

704
00:44:42,668 --> 00:44:46,710
<i>I denounce and I renounce Mao Mao</i>

705
00:44:46,960 --> 00:44:50,960
<i>It's the Little Red Book</i>

706
00:44:51,210 --> 00:44:54,960
<i>That makes it all move.</i>

707
00:44:55,418 --> 00:44:58,335
THEY CONTINUE THE REIGN

708
00:45:03,418 --> 00:45:05,168
And now El Cordobes.

709
00:45:09,710 --> 00:45:11,168
Paco Camino.

710
00:45:16,335 --> 00:45:18,460
Why did he ditch our bull's head?

711
00:45:18,710 --> 00:45:20,835
We can't have any more fun.

712
00:45:21,085 --> 00:45:23,710
He's mad and going to commit suicide.

713
00:45:25,168 --> 00:45:27,918
- Hurry up, Fernand.
- Coming...

714
00:45:28,085 --> 00:45:29,793
Look at that, Isabelle.

715
00:45:29,960 --> 00:45:32,335
Great racing handlebars and a seat.

716
00:45:33,585 --> 00:45:35,293
- He took it?
- Yes.

717
00:45:35,460 --> 00:45:37,585
He's a stupid prick.

718
00:45:37,793 --> 00:45:39,585
No, that worker's a genius.

719
00:45:39,835 --> 00:45:43,418
With a bull's head he made
handlebars and a seat.

720
00:45:44,710 --> 00:45:47,668
Divine metamorphosis, Mr Malraux.

721
00:45:56,085 --> 00:45:59,710
He who speaks of struggle...

722
00:46:02,835 --> 00:46:05,793
...speaks of sacrifice.

723
00:46:05,960 --> 00:46:07,835
And death...

724
00:46:08,960 --> 00:46:11,210
...is a common thing.

725
00:46:11,585 --> 00:46:14,543
THE REIGN OF DESPOTISM
IN ASIA, AFRICA...

726
00:46:20,043 --> 00:46:22,335
...AND LATIN AMERICA

727
00:46:22,543 --> 00:46:26,210
One: the history of art
in the last 100 years

728
00:46:26,418 --> 00:46:29,585
is the road leading to the concept

729
00:46:29,793 --> 00:46:34,543
of art as its own science.

730
00:46:36,168 --> 00:46:37,293
Two.

731
00:46:38,835 --> 00:46:40,835
We are not the ones

732
00:46:41,043 --> 00:46:44,710
using obscure language.

733
00:46:45,210 --> 00:46:48,085
It's our society,

734
00:46:48,918 --> 00:46:52,085
which is hermetic and closed up

735
00:46:52,918 --> 00:46:57,918
in the poorest
of languages possible.

736
00:46:58,085 --> 00:46:59,585
Three:

737
00:46:59,793 --> 00:47:02,293
Maiakovsky in poetry.

738
00:47:02,460 --> 00:47:05,793
Eisenstein in movies.

739
00:47:06,460 --> 00:47:08,585
All those fighting

740
00:47:08,793 --> 00:47:13,710
for a definition of socialist art

741
00:47:13,960 --> 00:47:18,085
were knifed in the back

742
00:47:18,293 --> 00:47:22,460
by Trotsky and the others.

743
00:47:22,668 --> 00:47:27,210
Those who two months
after taking the Winter Palace,

744
00:47:27,460 --> 00:47:31,585
accepted imperialist language

745
00:47:31,835 --> 00:47:35,085
to sign the peace treaty

746
00:47:35,335 --> 00:47:38,043
of Brest-Litovsk.

747
00:47:39,585 --> 00:47:44,335
Art doesn't reproduce the visible.

748
00:47:44,543 --> 00:47:46,835
It makes visible.

749
00:47:47,085 --> 00:47:50,168
But the aesthetic effect
is imaginary.

750
00:47:51,210 --> 00:47:57,210
Yes, but the imaginary
doesn't reflect reality.

751
00:47:58,043 --> 00:48:01,085
It's the reality of the reflection.

752
00:48:02,168 --> 00:48:06,585
You sometimes hear statements like,

753
00:48:06,710 --> 00:48:10,210
Use only three colours.

754
00:48:10,418 --> 00:48:13,085
The three primary colours,

755
00:48:13,335 --> 00:48:16,210
blue, yellow and red.

756
00:48:16,418 --> 00:48:21,335
Perfectly pure
and perfectly balanced,

757
00:48:21,668 --> 00:48:26,710
on the pretext that
all the other colours are there.

758
00:48:36,460 --> 00:48:39,793
For everything we see,

759
00:48:39,960 --> 00:48:43,085
we must consider three things.

760
00:48:44,585 --> 00:48:48,085
The position of the seeing eye,

761
00:48:49,168 --> 00:48:50,668
of the object seen

762
00:48:50,835 --> 00:48:54,085
and of the source of light.

763
00:48:55,043 --> 00:48:56,543
Perhaps reality

764
00:48:57,043 --> 00:49:01,668
hasn't yet appeared to anyone.

765
00:49:02,460 --> 00:49:03,960
As for us...

766
00:49:04,668 --> 00:49:08,960
we demand the unity
of politics and art.

767
00:49:09,793 --> 00:49:13,960
The unity of content and form,

768
00:49:14,460 --> 00:49:19,585
the unity
of a revolutionary content.

769
00:49:19,793 --> 00:49:20,960
And...

770
00:49:22,418 --> 00:49:24,710
...an artistic form

771
00:49:25,960 --> 00:49:28,918
as perfect as possible.

772
00:49:31,043 --> 00:49:35,085
Works lacking artistic value,

773
00:49:35,710 --> 00:49:40,085
no matter how politically advanced

774
00:49:40,293 --> 00:49:42,960
are ineffective.

775
00:49:45,210 --> 00:49:49,668
In literature and in art we must

776
00:49:50,085 --> 00:49:53,085
fight on two fronts.

777
00:50:01,085 --> 00:50:02,960
Fighting on two fronts...

778
00:50:03,793 --> 00:50:05,585
I find too complicated.

779
00:50:07,335 --> 00:50:09,335
I do only one thing at a time.

780
00:50:12,335 --> 00:50:14,460
I don't understand how you can

781
00:50:14,668 --> 00:50:17,835
listen to music and write
at the same time.

782
00:50:28,335 --> 00:50:29,585
Two fronts.

783
00:50:29,835 --> 00:50:31,668
Too complicated.

784
00:50:39,835 --> 00:50:41,418
Do you love me?

785
00:50:42,168 --> 00:50:43,960
Of course I do.

786
00:50:45,418 --> 00:50:47,918
I've decided
I don't love you anymore.

787
00:50:48,085 --> 00:50:49,543
What's going on?

788
00:50:49,710 --> 00:50:52,793
I no longer like your face,
eyes, mouth.

789
00:50:52,960 --> 00:50:56,210
Nor your sweaters.
And you bore me terribly.

790
00:50:57,418 --> 00:50:58,585
What's happening?

791
00:50:58,835 --> 00:50:59,835
I don't love you.

792
00:51:00,043 --> 00:51:01,293
I don't understand.

793
00:51:01,460 --> 00:51:02,793
You will.

794
00:51:09,293 --> 00:51:10,335
Veronique.

795
00:51:10,585 --> 00:51:11,835
You will.

796
00:51:13,043 --> 00:51:16,460
Explain why you're saying that.

797
00:51:23,335 --> 00:51:25,418
I no longer love you.

798
00:51:26,835 --> 00:51:28,710
You interfere.

799
00:51:30,418 --> 00:51:31,835
You worry me.

800
00:51:32,085 --> 00:51:34,418
Love's too difficult with you.

801
00:51:35,460 --> 00:51:38,710
I hate how you discuss
things you ignore.

802
00:51:40,710 --> 00:51:42,460
I don't love you.

803
00:51:45,918 --> 00:51:47,710
I don't love you.

804
00:51:54,210 --> 00:51:56,043
Understand now?

805
00:51:57,918 --> 00:51:59,585
Yeah, I do.

806
00:52:00,585 --> 00:52:02,043
I'm very sad...

807
00:52:03,210 --> 00:52:04,793
...but I understand.

808
00:52:06,585 --> 00:52:09,543
You see, you can do
two things at once.

809
00:52:12,043 --> 00:52:14,585
To understand you had to do it.

810
00:52:14,793 --> 00:52:16,210
Music and language.

811
00:52:21,835 --> 00:52:24,085
You must struggle on two fronts.

812
00:52:36,210 --> 00:52:38,710
But you really scared me.

813
00:52:40,418 --> 00:52:42,460
Me too, I'm often scared.

814
00:52:47,543 --> 00:52:51,668
THEY CONTINUE OPPRESSION
IN THE WEST

815
00:53:02,835 --> 00:53:05,793
Some comrades
have bad work habits,

816
00:53:05,960 --> 00:53:08,793
the antithesis
of the Marxist spirit.

817
00:53:09,668 --> 00:53:12,543
Like catching birds blindfolded.

818
00:53:14,335 --> 00:53:16,210
Why are you looking at me?

819
00:53:16,918 --> 00:53:19,460
I'm not a strange animal.

820
00:53:19,668 --> 00:53:21,710
I'm a human being.

821
00:53:22,918 --> 00:53:24,460
And your look

822
00:53:24,668 --> 00:53:29,918
is the same as Whites in America
looking at Blacks

823
00:53:30,960 --> 00:53:33,460
or Arabs looking at Jews,

824
00:53:33,710 --> 00:53:36,710
or vice versa in the Middle East.

825
00:53:36,960 --> 00:53:39,960
And in the Communist world,
Russians

826
00:53:40,168 --> 00:53:41,418
looking at Chinese.

827
00:53:41,585 --> 00:53:43,293
1, 2, 3, 4, 5.

828
00:53:44,460 --> 00:53:49,710
There's no face that can't be drawn,

829
00:53:49,960 --> 00:53:52,043
like the face of a dream.

830
00:53:52,460 --> 00:53:55,293
Serge Dimitri Kirilov.

831
00:53:57,085 --> 00:53:58,543
Not Novalis.

832
00:53:58,710 --> 00:54:00,585
But it was voted yesterday.

833
00:54:00,793 --> 00:54:02,835
But he's a scholar, not a poet.

834
00:54:05,085 --> 00:54:07,835
A scholar on poetry
like Brecht on theatre.

835
00:54:10,710 --> 00:54:15,168
The Party controls the guns.
Guns must not control the Party.

836
00:54:23,460 --> 00:54:24,668
Poor Novalis.

837
00:54:27,793 --> 00:54:30,335
How to unite Marxist-Leninist theory

838
00:54:30,543 --> 00:54:32,918
and the practice of revolution?

839
00:54:34,335 --> 00:54:36,460
There's a well-known saying.

840
00:54:37,168 --> 00:54:39,335
It's like shooting at a target.

841
00:54:39,543 --> 00:54:42,835
Just like aiming at the target,

842
00:54:43,085 --> 00:54:46,335
Marxism-Leninism
must aim at revolution.

843
00:54:56,210 --> 00:54:58,460
You can disagree

844
00:54:58,960 --> 00:55:04,460
with the terms I use
to define the problem.

845
00:55:04,668 --> 00:55:06,793
But if, like most workers,

846
00:55:06,960 --> 00:55:10,793
who use their hands and heads

847
00:55:10,960 --> 00:55:13,418
you judge or vaguely feel

848
00:55:13,585 --> 00:55:16,960
that capitalism is no better today
than yesterday...

849
00:55:17,210 --> 00:55:18,460
Back to Moscow!

850
00:55:18,710 --> 00:55:21,585
...As economic
and social development,

851
00:55:21,835 --> 00:55:25,210
as a way of life,
as a system of relations

852
00:55:25,460 --> 00:55:26,585
of men together.

853
00:55:26,835 --> 00:55:29,793
With their work, with nature.

854
00:55:29,960 --> 00:55:32,210
With the people of the world.

855
00:55:32,460 --> 00:55:35,960
Kosygin and Johnson are killers.

856
00:55:36,168 --> 00:55:40,585
By the use he does or does not make
of resources and science,

857
00:55:40,793 --> 00:55:44,210
of present and future
creative capacities,

858
00:55:44,418 --> 00:55:46,460
of each person.

859
00:55:46,668 --> 00:55:48,710
What of Siniavsky?

860
00:55:48,918 --> 00:55:53,210
And if you adhere to socialism
with that feeling

861
00:55:53,460 --> 00:55:58,335
the problem of its rise to power
is put in those terms.

862
00:56:00,168 --> 00:56:06,335
Once you admit that violent revolt
and barricades

863
00:56:06,585 --> 00:56:11,585
can't occur
in advanced capitalism

864
00:56:11,835 --> 00:56:15,960
in France, Sweden, Italy,

865
00:56:16,168 --> 00:56:20,168
you can agree
with the French Communist Party...

866
00:56:21,835 --> 00:56:25,168
Revisionist, revisionist!

867
00:56:27,460 --> 00:56:32,668
THIRD MOVEMENT OF THE FILM

868
00:56:34,585 --> 00:56:35,960
Isn't that Michel?

869
00:56:36,835 --> 00:56:37,835
You think so?

870
00:56:38,085 --> 00:56:41,210
Listen to how he pronounces "s".

871
00:56:41,460 --> 00:56:43,668
Maybe you're right.

872
00:56:43,835 --> 00:56:45,585
Maybe Claude's there.

873
00:56:45,793 --> 00:56:48,085
Veronique said she had a letter.

874
00:56:48,293 --> 00:56:50,835
In July he'll bring committee orders

875
00:56:51,085 --> 00:56:54,460
on beginning hostilities
and against whom.

876
00:56:54,710 --> 00:56:56,710
- Am I in it?
- No.

877
00:56:56,918 --> 00:57:01,710
The combat group will have its own
organisation, personnel and finances.

878
00:57:01,960 --> 00:57:03,293
<i>This is Radio Peking.</i>

879
00:57:03,668 --> 00:57:05,585
<i>Comrades and friends...</i>

880
00:57:07,168 --> 00:57:09,918
Those in favour raise their hands.

881
00:57:27,710 --> 00:57:32,460
Majority decision is to create
a special combat organisation

882
00:57:32,668 --> 00:57:35,543
which, in strict observance
of conspiracy

883
00:57:35,710 --> 00:57:37,335
and division of labour

884
00:57:37,585 --> 00:57:41,085
will take care exclusively
of terrorist activity.

885
00:57:45,085 --> 00:57:47,210
Now let's draw lots.

886
00:57:48,460 --> 00:57:50,293
Open it and read.

887
00:57:56,585 --> 00:58:01,418
Men use

888
00:58:01,585 --> 00:58:07,210
the sciences of nature

889
00:58:07,460 --> 00:58:10,585
as a weapon

890
00:58:10,793 --> 00:58:16,835
in their struggle for liberty.

891
00:58:22,293 --> 00:58:24,960
DIALOGUE 4
HENRI AFTER HIS EXCLUSION

892
00:58:28,960 --> 00:58:32,043
Since January,

893
00:58:32,210 --> 00:58:34,168
maybe December.

894
00:58:35,710 --> 00:58:37,210
You left them?

895
00:58:38,460 --> 00:58:41,418
Yes, well, they excluded me.

896
00:58:41,585 --> 00:58:43,210
It's all the same.

897
00:58:44,585 --> 00:58:46,210
Why did they throw you out?

898
00:58:47,293 --> 00:58:51,335
I refused to criticize myself.

899
00:58:52,460 --> 00:58:53,960
How did it happen?

900
00:58:55,835 --> 00:58:58,710
Like in all cells,

901
00:58:58,918 --> 00:59:00,335
there was a vote.

902
00:59:02,418 --> 00:59:04,543
But what led to the vote?

903
00:59:08,085 --> 00:59:11,335
It started

904
00:59:12,085 --> 00:59:15,085
during Veronique's exposé.

905
00:59:15,293 --> 00:59:17,835
The forms of oppression
aren't the same.

906
00:59:18,085 --> 00:59:19,960
Life now under Pompidou

907
00:59:20,210 --> 00:59:23,293
isn't like during the war
under Hitler.

908
00:59:24,335 --> 00:59:26,668
Yet, comrades and friends...

909
00:59:26,835 --> 00:59:30,543
Just as Serge showed
how art doesn't reflect reality,

910
00:59:30,710 --> 00:59:33,168
but is the reality of reflection,

911
00:59:33,335 --> 00:59:38,043
such is the reality of formulas used
by friends of Pompidou and Malraux

912
00:59:38,210 --> 00:59:41,585
to ban a film like The Nun
by Jacques Rivette.

913
00:59:41,835 --> 00:59:45,710
It's that reality,
since in formulas there's form

914
00:59:45,960 --> 00:59:49,793
which makes me think
it's a form of oppression.

915
00:59:51,460 --> 00:59:54,835
She was confusing Marx and theatre

916
00:59:56,210 --> 00:59:59,710
and politics,
and that's romanticism.

917
01:00:01,793 --> 01:00:05,960
She behaved in life like an actress.

918
01:00:07,043 --> 01:00:09,585
She was influenced by Guillaume.

919
01:00:09,793 --> 01:00:10,835
Who's he?

920
01:00:11,085 --> 01:00:12,418
An actor.

921
01:00:12,585 --> 01:00:14,043
He was one of the group?

922
01:00:14,585 --> 01:00:17,835
Yes... a fanatic.

923
01:00:18,543 --> 01:00:22,210
His father had worked with Arthaud.

924
01:00:23,918 --> 01:00:28,168
While with Kosygin, Wilson,
Pompidou, it's sweet death.

925
01:00:29,168 --> 01:00:31,335
If that doesn't suit you,

926
01:00:31,543 --> 01:00:34,210
there's violent death
in North Vietnam.

927
01:00:35,168 --> 01:00:38,835
While in the South,
sweet death is enough.

928
01:00:39,085 --> 01:00:40,710
But I say it's the same

929
01:00:40,835 --> 01:00:43,918
in literary and scientific studies.

930
01:00:44,918 --> 01:00:48,793
The Left has suggested reforms.

931
01:00:49,960 --> 01:00:52,585
As long as Racine portrays
men as they are.

932
01:00:52,835 --> 01:00:55,335
As long as Sade is prohibited.

933
01:00:55,585 --> 01:00:59,543
As long as maths isn't taught
in nurseries.

934
01:00:59,710 --> 01:01:04,085
As long as they subsidize the queers
at the Comédie-Française

935
01:01:04,835 --> 01:01:07,585
more than Planchon or Bourseiller.

936
01:01:09,585 --> 01:01:12,293
The reforms are a dead letter,

937
01:01:12,460 --> 01:01:14,835
because it's dead language.

938
01:01:15,043 --> 01:01:17,460
It's class culture

939
01:01:17,668 --> 01:01:19,960
taught by one class.

940
01:01:20,168 --> 01:01:22,793
A culture belonging
to a certain class

941
01:01:22,960 --> 01:01:25,085
that pursues a certain policy.

942
01:01:25,293 --> 01:01:26,585
The analysis...

943
01:01:28,293 --> 01:01:29,585
...was amiss.

944
01:01:29,835 --> 01:01:33,793
So the conclusion was unreal.

945
01:01:35,335 --> 01:01:37,210
If you don't agree it's...

946
01:01:37,460 --> 01:01:40,168
Yes, I'm for peaceful co-existence.

947
01:01:40,960 --> 01:01:44,710
What's the Party doing
to change that?

948
01:01:45,460 --> 01:01:47,960
There are some good things.

949
01:01:48,460 --> 01:01:53,168
Two weeks ago they were praising
books that confuse words and things,

950
01:01:53,335 --> 01:01:55,793
that serve reactionary thinking.

951
01:01:58,335 --> 01:02:02,585
Comrades, we must:
one, close the puppet university.

952
01:02:02,793 --> 01:02:04,460
Right, but how?

953
01:02:04,668 --> 01:02:07,210
What do you suggest, dreamer?

954
01:02:08,085 --> 01:02:09,710
Two, by terror.

955
01:02:09,960 --> 01:02:11,793
Yes, but what kind of terror?

956
01:02:16,668 --> 01:02:20,168
Terror leads to nothing today.

957
01:02:20,335 --> 01:02:21,460
However,

958
01:02:22,543 --> 01:02:27,835
that culture is 0.43%
of the national budget...

959
01:02:28,085 --> 01:02:30,418
Veronique was right.

960
01:02:30,918 --> 01:02:32,210
As for Aragon...

961
01:02:32,460 --> 01:02:36,710
If the Party's more supple,

962
01:02:37,335 --> 01:02:39,335
it's because of him.

963
01:02:41,210 --> 01:02:43,585
Sometimes I was enthusiastic,

964
01:02:43,835 --> 01:02:48,293
glorifying the socialist edifice
in my writing.

965
01:02:49,543 --> 01:02:52,460
But the next day I countered

966
01:02:52,710 --> 01:02:56,585
with criminal-like practical action.

967
01:02:57,210 --> 01:02:59,043
There was formed

968
01:02:59,210 --> 01:03:01,585
what Hegel called

969
01:03:02,293 --> 01:03:05,210
an unhappy conscience.

970
01:03:06,543 --> 01:03:10,585
It differed
from the ordinary conscience...

971
01:03:11,085 --> 01:03:13,835
BOUKARIN'S LAST WORDS
AT THE LAST MOSCOW TRIALS

972
01:03:13,960 --> 01:03:16,793
...In that it was also
a criminal conscience.

973
01:03:19,460 --> 01:03:23,293
Ad in France Soir on June 14.

974
01:03:24,710 --> 01:03:27,918
Old Russia,
the great religious centres

975
01:03:28,085 --> 01:03:30,960
of Czarist Russia, brought to life

976
01:03:31,668 --> 01:03:34,335
and May Day in Moscow.

977
01:03:34,710 --> 01:03:37,418
Information at Monit Travel,

978
01:03:37,585 --> 01:03:42,168
4 place de l'Opera,
phone 742 06 46.

979
01:03:42,585 --> 01:03:44,710
Where are the old revolutionaries?

980
01:03:45,418 --> 01:03:46,835
Sad, huh?

981
01:03:46,960 --> 01:03:48,085
It's sad, alright.

982
01:03:48,210 --> 01:03:50,668
Their argument was Sputnik Digest.

983
01:03:50,835 --> 01:03:53,460
It's a pretty disgusting magazine.

984
01:03:54,293 --> 01:03:55,960
But that's not enough

985
01:03:56,210 --> 01:03:59,543
to systematically condemn
the Party attitude

986
01:03:59,710 --> 01:04:03,168
the way they do in
L'Humanite Nouvelle or Garde Rouge.

987
01:04:03,418 --> 01:04:08,710
The main organ of the French
Marxist-Leninist movement.

988
01:04:09,335 --> 01:04:11,460
During the elections in March,

989
01:04:11,710 --> 01:04:15,710
the only people to talk
of the price of a fridge,

990
01:04:15,918 --> 01:04:19,085
of work rates or bathrooms,

991
01:04:19,210 --> 01:04:23,085
and not just general philosophy...

992
01:04:23,293 --> 01:04:26,210
It wasn't Mitterrand
or Mendes France,

993
01:04:26,418 --> 01:04:30,168
it was the delegates
of the French Communist Party.

994
01:04:30,335 --> 01:04:34,335
It's not that.
I said they haven't read all of Marx.

995
01:04:34,543 --> 01:04:37,585
- You're way off.
- Not read him seriously.

996
01:04:37,710 --> 01:04:40,085
Well, I'm for peaceful coexistence.

997
01:04:41,293 --> 01:04:44,335
Lenin said to cut off
one enemy finger to save ten.

998
01:04:44,460 --> 01:04:46,085
Rosa Luxembourg

999
01:04:46,293 --> 01:04:48,710
saw the difficulty in answering.

1000
01:04:48,918 --> 01:04:50,543
How troubled she was.

1001
01:04:51,210 --> 01:04:53,918
How she blushed
without understanding.

1002
01:04:54,085 --> 01:04:56,710
Why, because movies and plays

1003
01:04:56,835 --> 01:04:59,210
cost money and the army is free.

1004
01:04:59,418 --> 01:05:01,043
It should be the opposite.

1005
01:05:02,210 --> 01:05:03,585
Shows should be free.

1006
01:05:03,710 --> 01:05:06,460
Those who want to make war
should pay to do so.

1007
01:05:06,710 --> 01:05:11,335
When they say the leftist agreement
is a dagger for Vietnam,

1008
01:05:11,585 --> 01:05:14,543
or that the Communist press...

1009
01:05:14,710 --> 01:05:18,335
Everyone talks of the crimes
of the Red Guard

1010
01:05:18,460 --> 01:05:20,085
in the Cultural Revolution.

1011
01:05:20,335 --> 01:05:22,585
Listen, this is fantastic.

1012
01:05:23,835 --> 01:05:26,960
The first date
for Juliette and Pierre

1013
01:05:27,210 --> 01:05:30,710
opened doors
to a new world of magic.

1014
01:05:32,960 --> 01:05:36,460
The world of words
no one had spoken before them.

1015
01:05:38,668 --> 01:05:40,960
What are you reading?

1016
01:05:43,418 --> 01:05:46,085
Henri gave me
the Party's women's magazine.

1017
01:05:46,335 --> 01:05:47,418
Let's see.

1018
01:05:49,668 --> 01:05:52,210
Like the night before,
their eyes met.

1019
01:05:52,418 --> 01:05:54,043
Pierre couldn't speak.

1020
01:05:56,335 --> 01:06:00,960
No point in being Communist
to use that soap opera language.

1021
01:06:05,668 --> 01:06:07,335
I forbid you to read that.

1022
01:06:07,543 --> 01:06:09,460
I said Henri's a revisionist.

1023
01:06:12,585 --> 01:06:15,793
<i>The joker's a king</i>
<i>and I sing Mao Mao...</i>

1024
01:06:16,585 --> 01:06:20,085
Reminds me of pictures
of L'Illustration from 1917,

1025
01:06:20,710 --> 01:06:23,960
that treated Bolsheviks as beatniks.

1026
01:06:24,585 --> 01:06:28,043
They used the same terms
for the Bolsheviks

1027
01:06:28,210 --> 01:06:31,335
as that paper uses for the Red Guard.

1028
01:06:31,960 --> 01:06:35,835
You expect Le Figaro
to say that sort of thing.

1029
01:06:36,085 --> 01:06:39,418
But when L'Humanite does,
it's disgusting.

1030
01:06:39,585 --> 01:06:41,335
OK, there's work to do.

1031
01:06:41,543 --> 01:06:43,585
For everyone.

1032
01:06:43,918 --> 01:06:47,960
The other day I was reading
L'Humanite Nouvelle.

1033
01:06:48,460 --> 01:06:53,835
They talked about the film
Johnny Guitar,

1034
01:06:54,085 --> 01:06:57,585
that the Party leaders had shown

1035
01:06:58,710 --> 01:07:00,460
at a meeting somewhere,

1036
01:07:00,668 --> 01:07:02,418
I'm not sure where.

1037
01:07:02,585 --> 01:07:06,585
But they attack the film
because it's American,

1038
01:07:06,710 --> 01:07:09,043
even if it's good.

1039
01:07:09,710 --> 01:07:14,210
So, as Veronique's big enemy,
Malraux says,

1040
01:07:15,335 --> 01:07:18,335
liberty doesn't always
have clean hands.

1041
01:07:18,543 --> 01:07:20,543
Veronique, what's the matter?

1042
01:07:20,710 --> 01:07:21,960
Problems?

1043
01:07:22,585 --> 01:07:24,293
I have too many enemies.

1044
01:07:24,460 --> 01:07:26,460
Enemies? You?

1045
01:07:26,710 --> 01:07:27,835
But who?

1046
01:07:28,835 --> 01:07:30,668
You know, the warlords,

1047
01:07:30,835 --> 01:07:34,335
the bureaucrats,
magnates and landowners

1048
01:07:34,543 --> 01:07:37,710
and the reactionary intellectuals.

1049
01:07:37,918 --> 01:07:39,335
Those are my enemies.

1050
01:07:39,543 --> 01:07:42,335
Well, that makes a lot
of enemies, indeed.

1051
01:07:43,043 --> 01:07:45,043
What are you up to?

1052
01:07:45,210 --> 01:07:47,293
Not much.

1053
01:07:47,835 --> 01:07:50,835
Writing in Les Temps Modernes
as always,

1054
01:07:50,960 --> 01:07:52,668
some books...

1055
01:07:52,835 --> 01:07:56,460
ENCOUNTER WITH FRANCIS JEANSON

1056
01:07:56,668 --> 01:08:01,335
For this year I have a new project.

1057
01:08:01,543 --> 01:08:02,710
What?

1058
01:08:02,918 --> 01:08:05,710
I want to do cultural action.

1059
01:08:05,918 --> 01:08:07,418
But what's that?

1060
01:08:08,668 --> 01:08:11,085
I don't think
anyone really knows yet.

1061
01:08:11,293 --> 01:08:13,460
And I want to try an experiment.

1062
01:08:13,668 --> 01:08:16,835
But culture and action are old words.

1063
01:08:16,960 --> 01:08:21,585
Yes, but culture is cut off
from action now.

1064
01:08:21,793 --> 01:08:23,210
At least it seems so.

1065
01:08:23,460 --> 01:08:25,460
So it doesn't interest me.

1066
01:08:25,710 --> 01:08:29,335
- Besides, I agree with you.
- You do?

1067
01:08:29,543 --> 01:08:32,293
What interests me is

1068
01:08:32,460 --> 01:08:35,668
that culture gives control
of the world.

1069
01:08:35,835 --> 01:08:38,543
Concretely, when will you do it?

1070
01:08:38,710 --> 01:08:41,710
I start in two months.

1071
01:08:41,960 --> 01:08:44,335
The experiment will last a year.

1072
01:08:44,585 --> 01:08:47,085
Because I want to see
what's possible.

1073
01:08:47,293 --> 01:08:50,293
What is the experiment?

1074
01:08:50,460 --> 01:08:55,168
With a whole team,
we're going to try...

1075
01:08:55,335 --> 01:08:57,710
- In what area?
- Acting, for example.

1076
01:08:57,918 --> 01:09:01,710
- Theatre?
- Yes, in a theatre at Châlon.

1077
01:09:01,960 --> 01:09:05,460
The Bourgogne Theatre.
We'll try to...

1078
01:09:05,710 --> 01:09:07,543
You'll move out of town?

1079
01:09:07,710 --> 01:09:10,085
I'm going to Bourgogne.

1080
01:09:10,335 --> 01:09:13,585
But you know, Châlon isn't very far.

1081
01:09:14,585 --> 01:09:16,085
Isn't leaving Paris sad?

1082
01:09:16,293 --> 01:09:18,085
No, I'm glad.

1083
01:09:18,293 --> 01:09:20,210
Delighted?

1084
01:09:20,835 --> 01:09:23,918
Because I can't work here anymore.

1085
01:09:24,085 --> 01:09:27,085
Anyway, I don't write
when I'm in Paris.

1086
01:09:27,835 --> 01:09:30,918
My books aren't progressing.

1087
01:09:32,710 --> 01:09:36,918
Maybe I can start this action
outside Paris

1088
01:09:37,085 --> 01:09:39,043
and write too.

1089
01:09:40,460 --> 01:09:42,710
Is it important to take action?

1090
01:09:42,960 --> 01:09:46,543
Yes, if we manage

1091
01:09:46,710 --> 01:09:49,460
to do something effective.

1092
01:09:49,668 --> 01:09:53,085
I don't want to start something
just for pleasure

1093
01:09:53,335 --> 01:09:55,210
or to soothe my conscience.

1094
01:09:56,210 --> 01:09:58,585
So why start any action?

1095
01:09:59,210 --> 01:10:03,835
It seems to me, on that level
there's something to be done.

1096
01:10:03,960 --> 01:10:06,460
To place today's men and women

1097
01:10:06,710 --> 01:10:11,085
in a position to receive
the world as it is.

1098
01:10:11,335 --> 01:10:14,460
Not only to receive,
but to act on it,

1099
01:10:14,585 --> 01:10:16,460
to have a hold.

1100
01:10:16,710 --> 01:10:20,210
That means
you're leaving the university?

1101
01:10:21,085 --> 01:10:23,460
Leaving, if you want.

1102
01:10:23,585 --> 01:10:29,085
I'm breaking with an attitude
widespread in the university,

1103
01:10:29,335 --> 01:10:35,085
which is to consider the others,

1104
01:10:35,210 --> 01:10:40,085
the ones we address,
as mere receivers.

1105
01:10:40,335 --> 01:10:42,960
It's true,
and I wouldn't want to be...

1106
01:10:43,210 --> 01:10:46,710
Isn't what's happening
in China important?

1107
01:10:46,960 --> 01:10:49,085
Of course it's important.

1108
01:10:51,085 --> 01:10:55,585
For example, closing the universities
I think is great.

1109
01:10:56,335 --> 01:10:59,585
Right, you think it's great.

1110
01:10:59,710 --> 01:11:02,585
But do you have an idea
what will happen afterwards?

1111
01:11:03,585 --> 01:11:06,710
They must re-open them.

1112
01:11:06,960 --> 01:11:10,085
The students
are in the fields for now.

1113
01:11:11,085 --> 01:11:14,335
That reminds me of something.

1114
01:11:14,585 --> 01:11:16,335
Remember Natalie?

1115
01:11:16,460 --> 01:11:18,835
Yes, I do.

1116
01:11:18,960 --> 01:11:21,710
Her parents voted for Mendes France.

1117
01:11:21,835 --> 01:11:23,835
That doesn't matter.

1118
01:11:24,210 --> 01:11:28,210
Before I prepared for my exams
with you in September,

1119
01:11:28,460 --> 01:11:32,960
she and I picked peaches
near Avignon.

1120
01:11:33,710 --> 01:11:35,710
Now it seems to me that

1121
01:11:35,835 --> 01:11:39,585
doing manual labour beforehand

1122
01:11:40,835 --> 01:11:44,460
helped me pass the exams.

1123
01:11:44,585 --> 01:11:48,460
That helped you understand
what I said,

1124
01:11:49,210 --> 01:11:50,960
talking about philosophy?

1125
01:11:51,085 --> 01:11:53,960
A little. In June...

1126
01:11:54,210 --> 01:11:55,460
I think there's a link.

1127
01:11:55,710 --> 01:11:59,210
In June, I didn't do
anything physical and failed.

1128
01:11:59,460 --> 01:12:02,960
I think there's a possible link.

1129
01:12:03,210 --> 01:12:04,835
What's the conclusion?

1130
01:12:05,085 --> 01:12:07,085
You should pick peaches?

1131
01:12:09,460 --> 01:12:11,335
But you agree with me?

1132
01:12:11,460 --> 01:12:15,460
Something's wrong at the university.
Many things.

1133
01:12:15,710 --> 01:12:16,960
Of course.

1134
01:12:17,085 --> 01:12:20,585
It's apparent enough. So?

1135
01:12:20,835 --> 01:12:23,335
You agree
education's the big problem?

1136
01:12:23,585 --> 01:12:26,710
It's one of the biggest problems.

1137
01:12:27,585 --> 01:12:28,585
So?

1138
01:12:29,585 --> 01:12:32,335
Shouldn't we start from scratch?

1139
01:12:32,585 --> 01:12:34,335
But how?

1140
01:12:35,085 --> 01:12:38,210
Close the universities,
like in China.

1141
01:12:38,460 --> 01:12:40,710
You will do that yourself?

1142
01:12:41,460 --> 01:12:44,710
If the authorities
aren't capable of it.

1143
01:12:44,835 --> 01:12:46,835
If necessary, I'll close them.

1144
01:12:46,960 --> 01:12:48,335
How?

1145
01:12:51,835 --> 01:12:54,210
I have an idea.

1146
01:12:54,460 --> 01:12:56,960
Tell me your idea,

1147
01:12:57,085 --> 01:12:58,835
if you can.

1148
01:13:01,835 --> 01:13:05,835
You see,
what disgusts me is teaching.

1149
01:13:06,585 --> 01:13:11,085
It's always a question of class.
Culture is class culture.

1150
01:13:11,335 --> 01:13:13,835
You know the Tutankhamen exhibit.

1151
01:13:14,460 --> 01:13:17,835
Why do all the people run there?
The gold.

1152
01:13:17,960 --> 01:13:22,335
Even workers act bourgeois
and go and see the gold.

1153
01:13:22,585 --> 01:13:25,710
Because if it was in paper,
they wouldn't bother.

1154
01:13:25,960 --> 01:13:27,710
I understand,

1155
01:13:27,960 --> 01:13:29,335
but your idea...

1156
01:13:30,460 --> 01:13:33,210
- Close the university.
- But how?

1157
01:13:34,210 --> 01:13:35,585
With bombs.

1158
01:13:36,460 --> 01:13:38,085
With bombs!

1159
01:13:38,335 --> 01:13:40,585
You're going to throw bombs?

1160
01:13:40,710 --> 01:13:42,585
THIS SITUATION

1161
01:13:42,835 --> 01:13:46,835
Once we kill students and teachers,
they'll stop going.

1162
01:13:47,585 --> 01:13:49,335
The university will close.

1163
01:13:50,960 --> 01:13:53,335
You're doing that alone?

1164
01:13:57,335 --> 01:13:59,710
Well, there are two or three of us.

1165
01:14:00,210 --> 01:14:03,210
Two or three... But...

1166
01:14:03,335 --> 01:14:06,210
But during the Algerian War,

1167
01:14:06,460 --> 01:14:10,460
when Djamila Bouhired blew up
cafes, you defended her

1168
01:14:10,710 --> 01:14:15,085
while all the press was against her.

1169
01:14:15,960 --> 01:14:17,835
All of France was against her.

1170
01:14:18,085 --> 01:14:19,710
That's right.

1171
01:14:19,835 --> 01:14:22,585
Only there was a difference.

1172
01:14:22,710 --> 01:14:23,960
Tell me if I'm wrong.

1173
01:14:24,210 --> 01:14:26,335
Explain it to me.

1174
01:14:26,460 --> 01:14:30,710
There was a whole people
behind Djamila.

1175
01:14:30,960 --> 01:14:35,585
Men and women
were already fighting.

1176
01:14:35,835 --> 01:14:40,085
It was for independence
and I, too, want mine.

1177
01:14:40,210 --> 01:14:44,460
You want independence.
How many of you want it that way?

1178
01:14:44,585 --> 01:14:47,585
You told me two or three.

1179
01:14:48,835 --> 01:14:54,335
But many people don't realise it yet.
And we think for them.

1180
01:14:55,460 --> 01:14:56,460
It's for them.

1181
01:14:56,585 --> 01:14:59,960
You think you can make
a revolution for others?

1182
01:15:00,085 --> 01:15:03,585
But you agree
working is part of the struggle.

1183
01:15:03,710 --> 01:15:05,460
But what is the struggle?

1184
01:15:05,710 --> 01:15:07,085
THIS SITUATION MUST CHANGE

1185
01:15:07,210 --> 01:15:10,085
Look, if I want to know

1186
01:15:10,210 --> 01:15:12,585
revolutionary theory and methods,

1187
01:15:12,835 --> 01:15:15,835
I must participate in a revolution.

1188
01:15:16,460 --> 01:15:20,585
You can participate,
but you can't invent one.

1189
01:15:20,835 --> 01:15:24,710
But if I want knowledge,
I need practical experience.

1190
01:15:25,710 --> 01:15:28,835
- Do you agree?
- I do.

1191
01:15:28,960 --> 01:15:31,710
Only revolutionary practice

1192
01:15:31,835 --> 01:15:35,460
implies a knowledge of the situation.

1193
01:15:35,710 --> 01:15:37,960
The situation is bad.

1194
01:15:38,085 --> 01:15:41,210
You know that, but do you know...

1195
01:15:41,335 --> 01:15:43,085
And that'll make it known.

1196
01:15:44,210 --> 01:15:47,710
Do you know a possible remedy?

1197
01:15:47,960 --> 01:15:52,710
But authentic knowledge
comes from direct experience.

1198
01:15:53,335 --> 01:15:56,085
First-hand experience.

1199
01:15:56,335 --> 01:16:01,585
Does it tell you the content
to give your action?

1200
01:16:01,835 --> 01:16:05,460
Because terrorism is only a start.

1201
01:16:05,835 --> 01:16:08,210
- Isn't it terrorism?
- Yes, it is.

1202
01:16:08,335 --> 01:16:13,585
So terrorism supposes
underlying bases.

1203
01:16:14,585 --> 01:16:17,210
We've studied for two years.

1204
01:16:17,460 --> 01:16:21,585
For two years,
and how have you studied it?

1205
01:16:21,710 --> 01:16:24,585
We live the problem.

1206
01:16:24,710 --> 01:16:25,710
You live it.

1207
01:16:25,960 --> 01:16:29,335
You're no longer a student.
You may know nothing.

1208
01:16:29,460 --> 01:16:31,710
I still know a few things.

1209
01:16:31,835 --> 01:16:32,835
No, I'm sorry.

1210
01:16:33,085 --> 01:16:38,710
You're right. I know a few things.
Not as much as you, of course.

1211
01:16:38,960 --> 01:16:41,835
- I'm in it.
- I don't suffer directly.

1212
01:16:42,085 --> 01:16:43,835
I suffer and I'm not alone.

1213
01:16:43,960 --> 01:16:47,085
But what's the point

1214
01:16:47,335 --> 01:16:51,085
of killing people
if you don't know

1215
01:16:51,335 --> 01:16:54,835
what you'll do next,
if you don't know what terms...

1216
01:16:54,960 --> 01:16:57,085
But we know what we'll do.

1217
01:16:57,335 --> 01:17:00,085
So, what will you do afterwards?

1218
01:17:01,585 --> 01:17:03,585
I don't believe you know.

1219
01:17:03,835 --> 01:17:07,335
You only know
the present system is awful

1220
01:17:07,585 --> 01:17:09,585
and you're impatient to end it.

1221
01:17:09,710 --> 01:17:11,585
Not awful, just bad.

1222
01:17:11,835 --> 01:17:14,460
What we do afterwards
is not my work.

1223
01:17:14,710 --> 01:17:17,710
- You don't care.
- No, I don't.

1224
01:17:20,210 --> 01:17:23,960
Afterwards,
I'll continue studying the situation.

1225
01:17:24,210 --> 01:17:28,585
Where will you study it?

1226
01:17:29,710 --> 01:17:32,835
I'm only a worker
producing revolution.

1227
01:17:33,085 --> 01:17:37,085
So be a worker and really work.

1228
01:17:37,335 --> 01:17:42,460
The way you're going
you won't last a week, as I see it.

1229
01:17:42,710 --> 01:17:47,210
- Why?
- You'll be arrested long before.

1230
01:17:47,335 --> 01:17:50,585
But you ran from the police.

1231
01:17:50,835 --> 01:17:53,335
And it lasted a long time...

1232
01:17:53,460 --> 01:17:58,460
There were many sympathizers
among the population,

1233
01:17:58,710 --> 01:18:02,460
because even those
not quite in favour

1234
01:18:02,585 --> 01:18:06,085
of Algerian independence
didn't denounce us.

1235
01:18:06,710 --> 01:18:10,085
You have sympathizers,
but they won't go

1236
01:18:10,210 --> 01:18:14,085
as far as mass murder.

1237
01:18:14,335 --> 01:18:15,960
And it'll be mass murder.

1238
01:18:16,085 --> 01:18:19,210
We need help
since some Communists

1239
01:18:19,460 --> 01:18:22,960
are allied with revisionists
to denounce us.

1240
01:18:23,210 --> 01:18:26,085
- You didn't know.
- You're not prepared...

1241
01:18:26,335 --> 01:18:29,210
L'Humanite and Le Figaro
are in league now.

1242
01:18:29,460 --> 01:18:30,960
Alright.

1243
01:18:31,210 --> 01:18:34,460
But your action
will lead to nothing

1244
01:18:34,710 --> 01:18:40,710
if it isn't upheld
by a group, a class,

1245
01:18:40,960 --> 01:18:44,085
by many men and women

1246
01:18:44,335 --> 01:18:46,710
who agree entirely and will pay...

1247
01:18:46,835 --> 01:18:52,585
Take the young Russian nihilists,
for example.

1248
01:18:52,710 --> 01:18:54,710
So?

1249
01:18:55,460 --> 01:18:58,460
They made bombs
and criminal attempts.

1250
01:18:58,710 --> 01:19:02,460
And the 1917 revolution
came afterwards. In October.

1251
01:19:02,710 --> 01:19:06,960
You think you can compare
Czarist Russia

1252
01:19:07,085 --> 01:19:09,835
and the situation now in France?

1253
01:19:10,085 --> 01:19:13,085
You call yourself Marxist-Leninist.

1254
01:19:13,335 --> 01:19:17,460
Well, even if we can't
compare them,

1255
01:19:17,710 --> 01:19:21,335
we can draw a lesson from China.

1256
01:19:21,585 --> 01:19:25,960
But the lessons you draw
are very abstract.

1257
01:19:26,085 --> 01:19:29,085
You don't draw lessons
by superposing...

1258
01:19:29,335 --> 01:19:31,085
You think it's a mistake?

1259
01:19:31,335 --> 01:19:33,210
I think so.

1260
01:19:33,335 --> 01:19:36,210
You're heading towards a dead-end.

1261
01:19:36,460 --> 01:19:37,835
Some comrades

1262
01:19:37,960 --> 01:19:40,835
undertake their main task...

1263
01:19:41,085 --> 01:19:43,460
But not firmly in hand.

1264
01:19:44,210 --> 01:19:47,835
They can't do good work.

1265
01:19:48,085 --> 01:19:51,960
Committee Work Techniques,
13 March 1949.

1266
01:19:52,585 --> 01:19:55,085
It's not so much that.

1267
01:19:55,210 --> 01:19:58,210
I told you
the arguments were valid

1268
01:19:58,335 --> 01:20:00,710
but all mixed up.

1269
01:20:00,960 --> 01:20:03,585
Marxism is first of all a science.

1270
01:20:04,460 --> 01:20:05,960
And there,

1271
01:20:06,835 --> 01:20:12,085
the arguments were a mess,
off the cuff.

1272
01:20:12,335 --> 01:20:14,710
They were a bit like children.

1273
01:20:14,960 --> 01:20:18,585
Yes, you know the story
of the Egyptian children?

1274
01:20:20,460 --> 01:20:22,460
Then I'll tell you.

1275
01:20:23,835 --> 01:20:27,585
The Egyptians believed
their language

1276
01:20:28,710 --> 01:20:31,085
was that of the gods.

1277
01:20:31,335 --> 01:20:33,210
One day, to prove it,

1278
01:20:33,335 --> 01:20:37,085
they put new-born babies
in a house

1279
01:20:37,335 --> 01:20:39,585
far from any society

1280
01:20:40,460 --> 01:20:43,710
to see if they would learn to talk.

1281
01:20:45,460 --> 01:20:47,710
To speak Egyptian alone.

1282
01:20:49,460 --> 01:20:52,460
They came back 15 years later.

1283
01:20:53,335 --> 01:20:54,960
And what did they find?

1284
01:20:55,085 --> 01:21:00,210
The kids talking together,
but bleating like sheep.

1285
01:21:02,210 --> 01:21:04,210
They hadn't noticed

1286
01:21:04,460 --> 01:21:09,085
that next to the house
was a sheep-pen.

1287
01:21:11,085 --> 01:21:13,960
For us,
in that flat where we were,

1288
01:21:14,210 --> 01:21:17,585
Marxism-Leninism
was a bit like the sheep.

1289
01:21:18,710 --> 01:21:19,835
Any volunteers?

1290
01:21:20,960 --> 01:21:22,710
OK. Me.

1291
01:21:24,710 --> 01:21:26,710
I believe in terror.

1292
01:21:28,460 --> 01:21:31,960
For me, whole revolutions

1293
01:21:32,085 --> 01:21:35,210
are made of terror.

1294
01:21:35,460 --> 01:21:36,460
Who is it?

1295
01:21:36,710 --> 01:21:41,335
A bombless revolutionary
isn't a revolutionary.

1296
01:21:46,710 --> 01:21:49,335
For the moment, we're only a few.

1297
01:21:50,210 --> 01:21:53,585
Tomorrow, we'll be many.

1298
01:21:54,460 --> 01:21:58,210
Tomorrow, I may no longer exist.

1299
01:21:58,585 --> 01:22:01,710
I am happy, I am proud of that.

1300
01:22:01,835 --> 01:22:04,585
Terrorism is not an act
of liberation,

1301
01:22:04,710 --> 01:22:07,335
but a means to impose a programme.

1302
01:22:07,585 --> 01:22:09,585
Give me a bomb.

1303
01:22:10,335 --> 01:22:12,085
Give me a bomb.

1304
01:22:12,335 --> 01:22:14,710
Let's talk in the kitchen.

1305
01:22:14,960 --> 01:22:17,835
I suggest refusing Kirilov
and drawing lots.

1306
01:22:33,210 --> 01:22:35,210
You think he'll commit suicide?

1307
01:22:36,960 --> 01:22:38,585
I'm sure of it.

1308
01:22:41,960 --> 01:22:45,085
They say that,
but when the time comes...

1309
01:22:45,460 --> 01:22:48,085
It's been going on for two weeks.

1310
01:22:49,835 --> 01:22:52,210
But he's serious this time.

1311
01:22:56,335 --> 01:22:59,335
Still, he didn't want
to sign the paper.

1312
01:23:01,710 --> 01:23:03,210
Ask him again.

1313
01:23:05,835 --> 01:23:08,210
I tried all day yesterday.

1314
01:23:08,335 --> 01:23:10,085
You can't talk to him.

1315
01:23:10,335 --> 01:23:12,710
He doesn't want to.

1316
01:23:14,460 --> 01:23:16,710
He still has the revolver?

1317
01:23:17,835 --> 01:23:19,835
He's keeping it.

1318
01:23:20,085 --> 01:23:23,210
He'll give it up
once he's shot himself.

1319
01:23:55,835 --> 01:23:57,460
Listen, Serge...

1320
01:23:57,835 --> 01:23:59,585
Give me the paper.

1321
01:24:00,710 --> 01:24:02,210
In my pocket.

1322
01:24:06,585 --> 01:24:08,335
Leave me alone.

1323
01:24:09,460 --> 01:24:10,835
Did you sign it?

1324
01:24:18,335 --> 01:24:21,210
I, Serge Dimitri Kirilov,

1325
01:24:21,460 --> 01:24:24,210
have murdered Michael Sholokov,

1326
01:24:24,460 --> 01:24:27,210
the Soviet Minister of Culture,

1327
01:24:27,460 --> 01:24:31,960
in Paris
as the French government's guest.

1328
01:24:35,335 --> 01:24:37,960
The purpose of this murder was,

1329
01:24:38,210 --> 01:24:42,085
one, to stop the Soviet puppet
from inaugurating

1330
01:24:42,335 --> 01:24:44,585
the new university buildings

1331
01:24:44,835 --> 01:24:48,210
where he was to speak
before the puppet Malraux...

1332
01:24:48,335 --> 01:24:49,835
Go on.

1333
01:24:53,835 --> 01:24:56,960
Two, this is the first murder
in a series.

1334
01:24:57,085 --> 01:25:01,210
Violence will be the answer
to the cultural suffocation

1335
01:25:01,335 --> 01:25:04,835
willingly imposed
on the universities.

1336
01:25:05,085 --> 01:25:08,585
Serge Kirilov, 15 August 1967.
Very good.

1337
01:25:46,960 --> 01:25:49,335
Do I wear the hat or not?

1338
01:25:49,460 --> 01:25:50,710
No, I won't.

1339
01:25:50,960 --> 01:25:52,085
You have the gun?

1340
01:25:55,460 --> 01:25:56,960
What's his name again?

1341
01:25:57,085 --> 01:25:58,585
Uh, Shokolov...

1342
01:25:58,835 --> 01:26:01,460
No, Sholokov.

1343
01:26:01,960 --> 01:26:03,210
You sure?

1344
01:26:03,335 --> 01:26:04,960
Yes, that's it.

1345
01:26:06,710 --> 01:26:08,960
But I can't ask his name.

1346
01:26:09,210 --> 01:26:11,835
Do as we already said,
you ask for...

1347
01:26:12,085 --> 01:26:15,460
When he looks at the register,
you find Sholokov.

1348
01:26:16,710 --> 01:26:18,085
It will be upside down.

1349
01:26:18,335 --> 01:26:21,210
They write big, it's easy.

1350
01:26:26,960 --> 01:26:30,210
Alright.

1351
01:27:24,335 --> 01:27:25,460
So?

1352
01:27:26,210 --> 01:27:29,835
He opened the door and I fired.
Come on.

1353
01:27:30,460 --> 01:27:33,710
Shit, shit, stop.

1354
01:27:33,960 --> 01:27:35,335
What is it?

1355
01:27:37,210 --> 01:27:39,835
- I made a mistake.
- How's that?

1356
01:27:41,835 --> 01:27:45,085
I read Sholokov
upside down alright

1357
01:27:45,210 --> 01:27:47,460
and the room number 23.

1358
01:27:48,085 --> 01:27:51,210
But since it was upside down
I inverted.

1359
01:27:51,335 --> 01:27:54,460
That made it 32,
so I went to room 32.

1360
01:27:54,710 --> 01:27:57,585
You shot the guy in 32.

1361
01:27:57,835 --> 01:27:59,335
Go back.

1362
01:28:00,460 --> 01:28:02,960
But park in front this time.

1363
01:29:24,710 --> 01:29:26,085
We... Communists

1364
01:29:26,210 --> 01:29:27,210
...not only...

1365
01:29:27,335 --> 01:29:29,210
...do not fight...

1366
01:29:29,335 --> 01:29:30,710
...against just wars...

1367
01:29:30,960 --> 01:29:32,460
...but take an active part.

1368
01:29:34,460 --> 01:29:36,460
He committed suicide?

1369
01:29:36,585 --> 01:29:37,710
I didn't know.

1370
01:29:39,585 --> 01:29:42,585
Kirilov.

1371
01:29:43,585 --> 01:29:46,335
If Marxism-Leninism exists,

1372
01:29:47,335 --> 01:29:48,710
then anything goes.

1373
01:29:53,085 --> 01:29:54,835
That means we must pay...

1374
01:29:55,085 --> 01:29:56,710
Attention...

1375
01:29:56,960 --> 01:29:59,585
To the quantitative aspect
of a problem...

1376
01:29:59,835 --> 01:30:02,960
...and do quantitative analysis.

1377
01:30:03,210 --> 01:30:05,960
I'm fed up with this job!

1378
01:30:06,210 --> 01:30:09,210
You must participate
in changing reality.

1379
01:30:10,210 --> 01:30:13,835
Maybe I'll return to Besancon.

1380
01:30:14,835 --> 01:30:20,710
Will you join
the normal Communist Party?

1381
01:30:20,960 --> 01:30:24,460
Certainly, as soon as I find work.

1382
01:30:25,585 --> 01:30:29,585
I've applied at a laboratory.

1383
01:30:30,335 --> 01:30:32,585
And if it doesn't work out,

1384
01:30:32,835 --> 01:30:35,085
I'll go to East Germany.

1385
01:30:35,335 --> 01:30:36,960
They need chemists.

1386
01:30:38,960 --> 01:30:41,835
It's too bad about your quarrels.

1387
01:30:42,585 --> 01:30:44,835
I know it's stupid.

1388
01:30:46,085 --> 01:30:49,460
But you know, what I want...

1389
01:30:50,710 --> 01:30:52,710
...is some quiet.

1390
01:30:52,960 --> 01:30:54,460
They were too fanatical.

1391
01:30:55,585 --> 01:30:58,085
The silence of infinite space.

1392
01:30:58,210 --> 01:31:02,210
It's not silence that scares me,
but sound and fury.

1393
01:31:07,460 --> 01:31:09,835
You never saw them again?

1394
01:31:10,085 --> 01:31:12,085
I don't know what became of them.

1395
01:31:12,335 --> 01:31:14,960
YEAR ZERO THEATRE

1396
01:31:37,085 --> 01:31:38,460
THE

1397
01:31:45,335 --> 01:31:47,335
THEATRICAL

1398
01:31:54,710 --> 01:31:56,710
VOCATION

1399
01:32:05,835 --> 01:32:07,210
OF

1400
01:32:19,210 --> 01:32:21,460
GUILLAUME MEISTER

1401
01:32:27,085 --> 01:32:28,835
Look, how funny.

1402
01:32:28,960 --> 01:32:32,460
ALL ROADS LEAD TO PEKING

1403
01:32:32,710 --> 01:32:34,835
It's disgusting. Mum will be furious.

1404
01:32:35,085 --> 01:32:36,960
They put up your cousin.

1405
01:32:43,335 --> 01:32:46,085
Maybe they killed the minister.

1406
01:32:46,210 --> 01:32:47,960
I hope inside is alright.

1407
01:32:54,210 --> 01:32:56,335
AND

1408
01:32:56,585 --> 01:32:57,960
Fruit and vegetables!

1409
01:32:58,085 --> 01:33:00,210
HIS

1410
01:33:02,335 --> 01:33:04,460
YEARS

1411
01:33:04,585 --> 01:33:06,585
Lettuce, tomatoes...

1412
01:33:06,710 --> 01:33:08,960
OF

1413
01:33:09,210 --> 01:33:11,335
Radishes and eggs: 10 cents!

1414
01:33:11,460 --> 01:33:13,585
One price, fruit and vegetables!

1415
01:33:14,585 --> 01:33:15,960
One lettuce: 10 cents.

1416
01:33:16,210 --> 01:33:19,460
APPRENTICESHIP

1417
01:33:20,085 --> 01:33:23,960
10 cents, one price,
try your luck.

1418
01:33:24,960 --> 01:33:27,460
AND

1419
01:33:29,960 --> 01:33:32,210
OF

1420
01:33:40,960 --> 01:33:43,835
TRAVELS ON THE ROAD

1421
01:33:55,335 --> 01:33:57,210
I don't want to see anyone.

1422
01:33:57,335 --> 01:34:01,460
Don't be hurt if my zeal
breaks the secret of your solitude.

1423
01:34:04,585 --> 01:34:07,210
How long have you been so afraid?

1424
01:34:07,460 --> 01:34:09,210
Since Marcel left me.

1425
01:34:10,835 --> 01:34:16,835
Under what sign did you bring into
the world such an unhappy creature?

1426
01:34:17,085 --> 01:34:19,085
OF A TRUE

1427
01:34:19,335 --> 01:34:20,210
What'll I do?

1428
01:34:21,210 --> 01:34:26,085
Never doubt a god is fighting
for you. The sacrifice is over.

1429
01:34:26,210 --> 01:34:29,210
SOCIALIST THEATRE

1430
01:34:29,460 --> 01:34:31,210
Just join the Marxists.

1431
01:34:31,335 --> 01:34:33,085
I want vengeance.

1432
01:34:33,710 --> 01:34:36,335
- You'll lose.
- Get out of here.

1433
01:34:36,585 --> 01:34:37,960
But why leave?

1434
01:34:39,460 --> 01:34:41,960
Why be your own enemy?

1435
01:34:43,585 --> 01:34:46,085
I have too much pain.

1436
01:34:50,460 --> 01:34:54,085
Enough, stop.
It's time to be logical.

1437
01:34:54,210 --> 01:34:57,335
LAST SCENE OF THE MOVIE

1438
01:35:06,585 --> 01:35:09,085
What shall I tell them?

1439
01:35:09,210 --> 01:35:10,835
I'll write to them.

1440
01:35:11,835 --> 01:35:13,585
You're crazy.

1441
01:35:14,335 --> 01:35:15,585
A dreamer.

1442
01:35:20,835 --> 01:35:24,960
OK, it's fiction,
but it brings me closer to reality.

1443
01:35:28,460 --> 01:35:32,085
Everything must be ready Saturday.
Coming, Blandine?

1444
01:35:35,335 --> 01:35:36,960
Think about it.

1445
01:35:51,835 --> 01:35:53,585
It was all thought out.

1446
01:35:53,710 --> 01:35:57,085
The end of summer
meant back to school for me.

1447
01:35:57,335 --> 01:35:59,835
A struggle for me
and some comrades.

1448
01:36:00,085 --> 01:36:01,960
On the other hand, I was wrong.

1449
01:36:02,210 --> 01:36:04,210
I thought I'd made a leap forward.

1450
01:36:04,460 --> 01:36:05,710
And I realised

1451
01:36:05,835 --> 01:36:09,085
I'd made only the first timid step
of a long march.